{"elementGlobalId":151910,"circumscripConfidence":null,"classificationLevel":{"id":17,"classificationLevelNameEn":"Species","classificationLevelNameEs":"Especies","classificationLevelNameFr":"Espèce"},"classificationStatus":{"id":1,"classificationStatusDescEn":"Standard","classificationStatusDescEs":"Estándar","classificationStatusDescFr":"Standard"},"iucn":null,"nameCategory":{"id":4,"nameCategoryDescEn":"Vascular Plant","nameCategoryDescEs":"Planta vascular","nameCategoryDescFr":"Plante vasculaire","nameTypeCd":"P","nameTypeDesc":"Botanical"},"rankMethodUsed":null,"formattedScientificName":"<i>Ananas comosus</i>","scientificName":"Ananas comosus","scientificNameAuthor":"(L.) Merr.","primaryCommonName":"Pineapple","relatedItisNames":"<i>Ananas comosus</i> (L.) Merr. (TSN 42335)","uniqueId":"ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.151910","elcode":"PMBRO02010","conceptRefFullCitation":"Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.","conceptName":"<i>Ananas comosus</i>","taxonomicComments":null,"roundedGRank":"GU","conservationStatusFactorsEditionDate":"1999-05-05","conservationStatusFactorsEditionAuthors":"Raker, C. (TNC-LASP), rev. L. 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The fruit of this species was first consumed by people native to South America. Other uses include:","plantProductionMethods":[{"plantCagProdMethodId":100020,"productionMethod":{"id":2,"productionMethodDescEn":"Cultivated","productionMethodDescEs":"Cultivado","productionMethodDescFr":"Cultivé","displayOrder":2}}],"plantDurations":[{"plantCagDurationId":100148,"duration":{"id":1,"durationDescEn":"ANNUAL","durationDescEs":"ANUAL","durationDescFr":"ANNUELLE","displayOrder":1}},{"plantCagDurationId":100147,"duration":{"id":4,"durationDescEn":"Short-lived","durationDescEs":"Corta vida útil","durationDescFr":"Courte durée de vie","displayOrder":4}}],"plantEconomicUses":[{"plantCagEconomicUseId":100107,"economicUse":{"id":1,"economicUseDescEn":"FOOD","economicUseDescEs":"ALIMENTOS","economicUseDescFr":"ALIMENTATION","displayOrder":1}},{"plantCagEconomicUseId":100108,"economicUse":{"id":4,"economicUseDescEn":"Fruit","economicUseDescEs":"Frutas","economicUseDescFr":"Fruits","displayOrder":4}},{"plantCagEconomicUseId":100109,"economicUse":{"id":10,"economicUseDescEn":"Beverage, alcoholic","economicUseDescEs":"Bebidas alcohólicas","economicUseDescFr":"Boissons alcoolisées","displayOrder":10}}],"plantCommercialImportances":[{"plantCagCommImportId":100015,"commercialImportance":{"id":1,"commercialImportanceDescEn":"Major cash crop","commercialImportanceDescEs":"Principal cultivo comercial","commercialImportanceDescFr":"Culture commerciale de grande ampleur","displayOrder":1}},{"plantCagCommImportId":100016,"commercialImportance":{"id":2,"commercialImportanceDescEn":"Minor cash crop","commercialImportanceDescEs":"Cultivo comercial menor","commercialImportanceDescFr":"Culture commerciale de petite ampleur","displayOrder":2}},{"plantCagCommImportId":100017,"commercialImportance":{"id":3,"commercialImportanceDescEn":"Indigenous crop","commercialImportanceDescEs":"Cultivo nativo","commercialImportanceDescFr":"Culture autochtone","displayOrder":3}}]},"elementManagement":{"elementGlobalId":151910,"eoManagementGroupName":null,"stewardshipOverview":null,"impacts":null,"restorationPotential":null,"siteConservationPlansConsidered":null,"managementMethods":null,"monitoringMethods":null,"managementProgramContacts":null,"monitoringProgramContacts":null,"managementResearchPrograms":null,"managementResearchNeeds":null,"biologicalResearchNeeds":null,"additionalTopics":null},"occurrenceViabilities":[{"eoRankSpecsDetailId":151600,"eoRankSpecsGroupName":null,"locationUseClass":null,"excellentViability":null,"goodViability":null,"fairViability":null,"poorViability":null,"viabilityJustification":"Use the Generic Guidelines for the Application of Occurrence Ranks (2008).<br>The Key for Ranking Species Occurrences Using the Generic Approach provides a step-wise process for implementing this method.","versionDate":null,"versionAuthor":null,"versionNotes":null,"lastModified":"2020-05-14T04:25:27.631003Z"}],"references":[{"id":121077,"citation":"Brucher, H. 1989. Useful Plants of Neotropical Origin and Their Wild Relatives. Springer-Verlag. New York. 296 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Brucher","shortCitationYear":1989,"referenceCode":"L89BRU0100LA","lastModified":"2020-02-25T15:54:52.180022Z"},{"id":109099,"citation":"Duke, J.A., and J.L. duCellier. 1993. CRC handbook of alternative cash crops. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Ann Arbor, London, & Tokyo.536 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Duke and duCellier","shortCitationYear":1993,"referenceCode":"L93DUK0100LA","lastModified":"2020-02-25T16:31:18.181691Z"},{"id":154408,"citation":"Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.","shortCitationAuthor":"Kartesz","shortCitationYear":1994,"referenceCode":"B94KAR01HQUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T15:54:02.397953Z"}],"otherCommonNames":[],"speciesGlobal":{"elementGlobalId":151910,"cites":null,"cosewic":null,"fwsRegion":null,"genusSize":null,"jurisEndem":{"id":5,"jurisEndemDescEn":"occurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations","jurisEndemDescEs":"Se encuentra en varias naciones (de manera regular, como un taxón nativo)","jurisEndemDescFr":"Se trouve dans plusieurs nations (de façon régulière, tel un taxon indigène)"},"nomenclaturallyEst":null,"usesa":null,"informalTaxonomy":{"informalTaxonomyId":107,"level1":"Plants","level2":"Vascular Plants - Flowering Plants","level3":"Monocots","level":3,"hasChildren":false,"parentId":106,"distributionStatus":"complete","displayOrder":5410},"parentSpecies":null,"infraspecies":false,"kingdom":"Plantae","phylum":"Anthophyta","taxclass":"Monocotyledoneae","taxorder":"Bromeliales","family":"Bromeliaceae","genus":"Ananas","americanFisheriesStatus":null,"americanFisheriesStatusDate":null,"saraStatus":null,"saraStatusDate":null,"cosewicDate":null,"interpretedCosewic":null,"cosewicComments":null,"usesaDate":null,"interpretedUsesa":null,"usesaComments":null,"completeDistribution":true,"synonyms":[],"infraspeciesList":[],"ebarId":null,"ebarCanadianScope":null,"ebarGlobalScope":null,"ebarKbaGroup":"Vascular Plants","caGeneralStatusId":null},"speciesCharacteristics":{"elementGlobalId":151910,"reproductionComments":null,"ecologyComments":"All members of A. comosus are cultigens with no wild ancestral forms. Propagation is mainly vegetative. Since pineapples flower erratically, forcing of flowers and subsequent fruiting with plant hormones is common","habitatComments":"Warm Temperate Moist (without frost) to Tropical Very Dry to Wet Forest Life Zones. Thrive in climates that are uniformly warm on sandy loam, mildly acidic and medium fertility. Survives in a wide range of rainfall conditions, from 60-410 cm, 100-150 being ideal.","generalDescription":null,"diagnosticCharacteristics":null,"speciesMarineHabitats":[],"speciesTerrestrialHabitats":[],"speciesRiverineHabitats":[],"speciesPalustrineHabitats":[],"speciesLacustrineHabitats":[],"speciesSubterraneanHabitats":[],"speciesEstuarineHabitats":[]},"primaryReference":{"id":154408,"citation":"Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.","shortCitationAuthor":"Kartesz","shortCitationYear":1994,"referenceCode":"B94KAR01HQUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T15:54:02.397953Z"},"predecessors":[],"elementGlobalThreatAssessments":[]}