{"elementGlobalId":1383364,"circumscripConfidence":null,"classificationLevel":{"id":17,"classificationLevelNameEn":"Species","classificationLevelNameEs":"Especies","classificationLevelNameFr":"Espèce"},"classificationStatus":{"id":1,"classificationStatusDescEn":"Standard","classificationStatusDescEs":"Estándar","classificationStatusDescFr":"Standard"},"iucn":null,"nameCategory":{"id":4,"nameCategoryDescEn":"Vascular Plant","nameCategoryDescEs":"Planta vascular","nameCategoryDescFr":"Plante vasculaire","nameTypeCd":"P","nameTypeDesc":"Botanical"},"rankMethodUsed":null,"formattedScientificName":"<i>Asplenium adiantum-nigrum</i>","scientificName":"Asplenium adiantum-nigrum","scientificNameAuthor":"L.","primaryCommonName":"Black Spleenwort","relatedItisNames":"<i>Asplenium adiantum-nigrum</i> L. (TSN 17335)","uniqueId":"ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.1383364","elcode":"PPASP02700","conceptRefFullCitation":"Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 1993a. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 2. Pteridophytes and gymnosperms. Oxford Univ. Press, New York. xvi + 475 pp.","conceptName":"<i>Asplenium adiantum-nigrum</i>","taxonomicComments":"This record represents the broad concept of <i>Asplenium adiantum-nigrum</i>, including <i>A. patens</i>, following Wagner et al. (2026). In contrast, Kartesz (1994) treats <i>A. patens</i> and <i>A. adiantum-nigrum</i> as distinct.","roundedGRank":"G5","conservationStatusFactorsEditionDate":"1987-06-10","conservationStatusFactorsEditionAuthors":"Peterson, J.S. and E. Roth, rev. J. Beckman (5/96)","primaryCommonNameLanguage":"EN","recordType":"SPECIES","elementNationals":[{"elementNationalId":1383365,"classifConfidence":null,"nation":{"id":225,"nameEn":"United States","nameEs":"Estados Unidos","nameFr":"États-Unis","isoCode":"US","region":"United States"},"roundedNRank":"NNR","elementSubnationals":[{"elementSubnationalId":505138,"subnation":{"id":6,"nameEn":"Arizona","nameEs":"Arizona","nameFr":"Arizona","subnationCode":"AZ","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S1","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S1","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":505138,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":488892,"subnation":{"id":52,"nameEn":"Utah","nameEs":"Utah","nameFr":"Utah","subnationCode":"UT","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S1","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S1","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":488892,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":574792,"subnation":{"id":8,"nameEn":"Colorado","nameEs":"Colorado","nameFr":"Colorado","subnationCode":"CO","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S1","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S1","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":574792,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":550451,"subnation":{"id":16,"nameEn":"Hawaii","nameEs":"Hawai","nameFr":"Hawaï","subnationCode":"HI","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"SNR","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"SNR","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":550451,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}}],"nrankReviewYear":null,"nrank":"NNR","speciesNational":{"elementNationalId":1383365,"exotic":false,"native":true}}],"lastModified":"2026-10-03T08:05:39.817001Z","lastPublished":"2026-10-03T02:45:59.472058Z","promotionalDescription":null,"conceptLineageSummary":null,"nsxUrl":"/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.1383364/Asplenium_adiantum-nigrum","grankAdjustmentReasons":null,"grankChangeDate":"1990-03-14","grankReviewDate":"1990-03-14","grankReasons":"Rare in the United States but frequent and widespread in Africa and Eurasia.","grank":"G5","rankInfo":{"elementGlobalId":1383364,"aooPercentGood":null,"enviromentalSpecificity":null,"intrinsicVulnerability":{"id":1,"intrinsicVulnerabilityDescEn":"Highly vulnerable","intrinsicVulnerabilityDescEs":"Altamente vulnerable","intrinsicVulnerabilityDescFr":"Très vulnérable"},"longTermTrend":null,"numberEos":{"id":14,"numberEosDescEn":"81 to >300","numberEosDescEs":"De 81 a >300","numberEosDescFr":"De 81 à >300"},"numberGoodEos":null,"numberProtEos":{"id":2,"numberProtEosDescEn":"None to few (0-3) occurrences appropriately protected and managed","numberProtEosDescEs":"Ninguno a pocos casos (0 a 3) adecuadamente protegidos y controlados","numberProtEosDescFr":"De aucune à peu d’occurrences (de 0 à 3) protégées et contrôlées convenablement"},"popSize":{"id":33,"popSizeDescEn":"10,000 to >1,000,000 individuals","popSizeDescEs":"De 10.000 a >1.000.000 de individuos","popSizeDescFr":"De 10 000 à >1 000 000 individus"},"rangeExtent":{"id":35,"rangeExtentDescEn":">2,500,000 square km (greater than 1,000,000 square miles)","rangeExtentDescEs":">2.500.000 kilómetros cuadrados (más ","rangeExtentDescFr":">2 500 000 km carrés (plus de 1 000 000 miles carrés)"},"shortTermTrend":null,"threatImpactAssigned":null,"rangeExtentComments":"Indigenous to Hawaii (Valier 1995). Boulder Creek, Boulder Co., Colorado. Also known from Zion National Park, Utah and Elden Mountain, Coconion Co., Arizona, United States. Common in Africa and Eurasia.","areaOfOccupancy":null,"areaOfOccupancyComments":null,"numberEosComments":"1 site in CO; 1 occurrence known (very small) in Utah and Arizona. Widespread in Eurasia and Africa.","popSizeComments":"Small site in CO; AZ and UT site uncollected for over 50 years.","viabilityComments":null,"threatImpactComments":"Development activity (proposed sewage treatment plant) near species habitat.","shortTermTrendComments":null,"longTermTrendComments":null,"inventoryNeeds":"Continue searches on historical sites in the U.S.","numberProtEosComments":"Single site in CO is partially protected as a State Natural Area, efforts are underway to offer full protection.","protectionNeeds":"Full protection for the Boulder site.","otherConsiderations":null,"intrinsicVulnerabilityComments":"Easily extirpated by human activity on-site or by the devel- opment of the recharge area for the plant's water supply.","enviromentalSpecificityComments":null},"animalCharacteristics":null,"occurrenceDelineations":[{"eoSpecsDetailId":-1,"locationUseClass":null,"eoSpecGroupName":"Default","subtypes":null,"inferredExtentDistance":null,"inferredExtentNotes":null,"minimumEoCriteria":null,"mappingGuidance":null,"separationBarriers":null,"separationDistanceUnsuitableHabitatat":1.0,"separationDistanceSuitableHabitatat":1.0,"altSeparationProcedure":null,"separationJustification":null,"versionDate":null,"versionAuthor":null,"versionNotes":null,"lastModified":"2020-02-25T14:20:12.251048Z"}],"plantCharacteristics":{"elementGlobalId":1383364,"genusEconomicValue":false,"economicComments":null,"plantProductionMethods":[],"plantDurations":[],"plantEconomicUses":[],"plantCommercialImportances":[]},"elementManagement":{"elementGlobalId":1383364,"eoManagementGroupName":null,"stewardshipOverview":null,"impacts":null,"restorationPotential":null,"siteConservationPlansConsidered":null,"managementMethods":null,"monitoringMethods":null,"managementProgramContacts":null,"monitoringProgramContacts":null,"managementResearchPrograms":null,"managementResearchNeeds":null,"biologicalResearchNeeds":null,"additionalTopics":null},"occurrenceViabilities":[],"references":[{"id":132991,"citation":"Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 1993a. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 2. Pteridophytes and gymnosperms. Oxford Univ. Press, New York. xvi + 475 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"FNA","shortCitationYear":1993,"referenceCode":"B93FNA02HQUS","lastModified":"2024-07-05T22:45:33.79037Z"},{"id":154408,"citation":"Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.","shortCitationAuthor":"Kartesz","shortCitationYear":1994,"referenceCode":"B94KAR01HQUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T15:54:02.397953Z"},{"id":1167982,"citation":"Wagner, W.L., Khan, N., H Lorence, D., Flynn, T.W., and K.R. Wood. Checklist of native and naturalized Hawaiian vascular plants. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 123: 1-96.","shortCitationAuthor":"Wagner et al.","shortCitationYear":2026,"referenceCode":"B26WAG01HQUS","lastModified":"2026-07-02T21:57:56.771482Z"}],"otherCommonNames":[],"speciesGlobal":{"elementGlobalId":1383364,"cites":null,"cosewic":null,"fwsRegion":null,"genusSize":{"id":4,"genusSizeDescEn":"Medium to large genus","genusSizeDescEs":"Género de mediano a grande","genusSizeDescFr":"Moyen à grand genre"},"jurisEndem":{"id":5,"jurisEndemDescEn":"occurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations","jurisEndemDescEs":"Se encuentra en varias naciones (de manera regular, como un taxón nativo)","jurisEndemDescFr":"Se trouve dans plusieurs nations (de façon régulière, tel un taxon indigène)"},"nomenclaturallyEst":null,"usesa":null,"informalTaxonomy":{"informalTaxonomyId":98,"level1":"Plants","level2":"Vascular Plants - Ferns and relatives","level3":"Leptosporangiate Ferns","level":3,"hasChildren":false,"parentId":93,"distributionStatus":"complete","displayOrder":5250},"parentSpecies":null,"infraspecies":false,"kingdom":"Plantae","phylum":"Filicinophyta","taxclass":"Filicopsida","taxorder":"Filicales","family":"Aspleniaceae","genus":"Asplenium","americanFisheriesStatus":null,"americanFisheriesStatusDate":null,"saraStatus":null,"saraStatusDate":null,"cosewicDate":null,"interpretedCosewic":null,"cosewicComments":null,"usesaDate":null,"interpretedUsesa":null,"usesaComments":null,"completeDistribution":true,"synonyms":[],"infraspeciesList":[],"ebarId":null,"ebarCanadianScope":false,"ebarGlobalScope":false,"ebarKbaGroup":"Vascular Plants","caGeneralStatusId":null},"speciesCharacteristics":{"elementGlobalId":1383364,"reproductionComments":null,"ecologyComments":null,"habitatComments":"In Hawaii, terrestrial on cinder plains, lava flows and in dry forest, 610-2440m (Valier 1995). Open rocky places, sandstone cliffs; in deep pockets & cre- vices of Rhyolite rock & in limestone canyons up to 2000 m.","generalDescription":null,"diagnosticCharacteristics":null,"speciesMarineHabitats":[],"speciesTerrestrialHabitats":[],"speciesRiverineHabitats":[],"speciesPalustrineHabitats":[],"speciesLacustrineHabitats":[],"speciesSubterraneanHabitats":[],"speciesEstuarineHabitats":[]},"primaryReference":{"id":132991,"citation":"Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 1993a. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 2. Pteridophytes and gymnosperms. Oxford Univ. Press, New York. xvi + 475 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"FNA","shortCitationYear":1993,"referenceCode":"B93FNA02HQUS","lastModified":"2024-07-05T22:45:33.79037Z"},"predecessors":[{"predecessorId":117636,"elCode":"PPASP02030","name":"Asplenium adiantum-nigrum","formattedName":"<i>Asplenium adiantum-nigrum</i>","classficationCode":null,"uniqueId":"ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.154764","lineageDate":null,"nsxUrl":null},{"predecessorId":117637,"elCode":"PPASP022N0","name":"Asplenium patens","formattedName":"<i>Asplenium patens</i>","classficationCode":null,"uniqueId":"ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.132629","lineageDate":null,"nsxUrl":null}],"elementGlobalThreatAssessments":[]}