{"elementGlobalId":129927,"circumscripConfidence":null,"classificationLevel":{"id":17,"classificationLevelNameEn":"Species","classificationLevelNameEs":"Especies","classificationLevelNameFr":"Espèce"},"classificationStatus":{"id":1,"classificationStatusDescEn":"Standard","classificationStatusDescEs":"Estándar","classificationStatusDescFr":"Standard"},"iucn":null,"nameCategory":{"id":4,"nameCategoryDescEn":"Vascular Plant","nameCategoryDescEs":"Planta vascular","nameCategoryDescFr":"Plante vasculaire","nameTypeCd":"P","nameTypeDesc":"Botanical"},"rankMethodUsed":null,"formattedScientificName":"<i>Asplenium scolopendrium</i>","scientificName":"Asplenium scolopendrium","scientificNameAuthor":"L.","primaryCommonName":"Hart's-tongue Fern","relatedItisNames":"<i>Asplenium scolopendrium</i> L. (TSN 192155)","uniqueId":"ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.129927","elcode":"PPASP021E0","conceptRefFullCitation":"Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.","conceptName":"<i>Asplenium scolopendrium</i>","taxonomicComments":"Weakley and the Southeastern Flora Team (2024) note the following about the \"<i>Asplenium scolopendrium</i> complex\": The complex occurs in three main areas -- 1. Europe and w. Asia, 2. e. and sw. North America, and 3. ne. Asia. These three areas are differentiated by ploidy (1 is diploid, 2 and 3 are autotetraploid) and by haplotypes present (the haplotypes of each region are unique to that region, and also with some unique subgroupings). The disjunct units, poorly differentiated morphologically, have been treated in various taxonomic ways in the past, but most usually and in recent decades as <i>Asplenium scolopendrium</i> (with 2 subspecies) in Europe, <i>A. komarovii</i> Akasawa in ne. Asia, and <i>A. scolopendrium</i> var. <i>americanum</i> in e. North America. Plants in s. Mexico are sometimes treated as entity \"<i>lindenii</i>\", at varietal or specific rank. The genetic evidence of the overall strong genetic differentiation of the three geographic lineages and their time of divergence in the Pliocene does not support the consensus treatment, which suggests that the Asian plants are the most distinctive, and instead suggests that three species (perhaps with infrataxa) would be appropriate.<br/><br/>There are two varieties included for North America in Weakley and the Southeastern Flora Team (2024): <i>Asplenium scolopendrium </i>var. <i>americanum</i>, which is native, and <i>Asplenium scolopendrium </i>var. <i>scolopendrium</i>, which is nonnative. In contrast, FNA (1993, vol. 2) and Kartesz (1994) only include the native variety. The generic placement of this taxon is in accordance with the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group I (2016).","roundedGRank":"G4","conservationStatusFactorsEditionDate":null,"conservationStatusFactorsEditionAuthors":null,"primaryCommonNameLanguage":"EN","recordType":"SPECIES","elementNationals":[{"elementNationalId":225756,"classifConfidence":null,"nation":{"id":38,"nameEn":"Canada","nameEs":"Canadá","nameFr":"Canada","isoCode":"CA","region":"Canada"},"roundedNRank":"N3","elementSubnationals":[{"elementSubnationalId":480255,"subnation":{"id":63,"nameEn":"New Brunswick","nameEs":"New 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the Habitat-based Plant Element Occurrence Delimitation Guidance, 1 October 2004, to develop occurrences.<br>For a complete description of this approach, see the Habitat-Based Strategy for Delimiting Plant Element Occurrences: Guidance from the 2004 Working 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Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 2. Pteridophytes and gymnosperms. Oxford Univ. Press, New York. xvi + 475 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"FNA","shortCitationYear":1993,"referenceCode":"B93FNA02HQUS","lastModified":"2024-07-05T22:45:33.79037Z"},{"id":154408,"citation":"Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.","shortCitationAuthor":"Kartesz","shortCitationYear":1994,"referenceCode":"B94KAR01HQUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T15:54:02.397953Z"},{"id":1146020,"citation":"Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group I. 2016. A Community-Derived Classification for Extant Lycophytes and Ferns. Journal of Systematics and Evolution 54(6): 563–603.","shortCitationAuthor":"Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group I","shortCitationYear":2016,"referenceCode":"A16PPG01HQUS","lastModified":"2024-11-01T22:21:55.775106Z"},{"id":1141458,"citation":"Weakley, A.S., and Southeastern Flora Team. 2024. Flora of the southeastern United States. Edition of March 4, 2024. University of North Carolina Herbarium (NCU), North Carolina Botanical Garden, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. 2203 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Weakley and Southeastern Flora Team","shortCitationYear":2024,"referenceCode":"W24WEA01HQUS","lastModified":"2024-05-31T23:19:25.160531Z"}],"otherCommonNames":[{"id":135451,"name":"Scolopendre","language":"FR"}],"speciesGlobal":{"elementGlobalId":129927,"cites":null,"cosewic":null,"fwsRegion":null,"genusSize":{"id":4,"genusSizeDescEn":"Medium to large genus","genusSizeDescEs":"Género de mediano a grande","genusSizeDescFr":"Moyen à grand genre"},"jurisEndem":{"id":5,"jurisEndemDescEn":"occurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations","jurisEndemDescEs":"Se encuentra en varias naciones (de manera regular, como un taxón nativo)","jurisEndemDescFr":"Se trouve dans plusieurs nations (de façon régulière, tel un taxon indigène)"},"nomenclaturallyEst":null,"usesa":null,"informalTaxonomy":{"informalTaxonomyId":98,"level1":"Plants","level2":"Vascular Plants - Ferns and relatives","level3":"Leptosporangiate Ferns","level":3,"hasChildren":false,"parentId":93,"distributionStatus":"complete","displayOrder":5250},"parentSpecies":null,"infraspecies":false,"kingdom":"Plantae","phylum":"Filicinophyta","taxclass":"Filicopsida","taxorder":"Filicales","family":"Aspleniaceae","genus":"Asplenium","americanFisheriesStatus":null,"americanFisheriesStatusDate":null,"saraStatus":null,"saraStatusDate":null,"cosewicDate":null,"interpretedCosewic":"SC","cosewicComments":"Variety <i>americanum </i>is designated Special Concern.","usesaDate":null,"interpretedUsesa":"PS","usesaComments":"Asplenium scolopendrium var. americanum was listed threatened in 1989.","completeDistribution":true,"synonyms":[{"id":105587,"synonym":"Phyllitis scolopendrium","synonymAuthor":"(L.) 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