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It occurs in western North America, from British Columbia east to Saskatchewan, Canada, south to Oregon and western Texas in the United States and northern Mexico. There are thousands of occurrences rangewide, which face threats from increased fire frequency or intensity, disease, herbivory, and hybridization. Little is known about trends, but with a large range extent and large number of occurrences, abundant habitat, and broad habitat preferences, this species is considered secure.","grank":"G5","rankInfo":{"elementGlobalId":1275532,"aooPercentGood":null,"enviromentalSpecificity":null,"intrinsicVulnerability":null,"longTermTrend":null,"numberEos":{"id":15,"numberEosDescEn":"> 300","numberEosDescEs":"> 300","numberEosDescFr":"> 300"},"numberGoodEos":null,"numberProtEos":null,"popSize":null,"rangeExtent":{"id":33,"rangeExtentDescEn":"200,000-2,500,000 square km (about 80,000-1,000,000 square miles)","rangeExtentDescEs":"200.000 a 2.500.000 kilómetros cuadrados (aproximadamente 80.000 a 1.000.000 millas cuadradas)","rangeExtentDescFr":"De 200 000 à 2 500 000 km carrés (de 80 000 à 1 000 000 miles carrés approximativement)"},"shortTermTrend":null,"threatImpactAssigned":{"id":11,"threatImpactAssignedDescEn":"Unknown","threatImpactAssignedDescEs":"Desconocido","threatImpactAssignedDescFr":"Inconnu"},"rangeExtentComments":"<i>Juniperus scopulorum</i> occurs in western North America, from British Columbia east to Saskatchewan, Canada, south to Oregon and western Texas in the United States and northern Mexico (FNA 1993, Welsh et al. 2015). Range extent was estimated to be over 1.3 million square kilometers using herbarium specimens, photo-based observations, and NatureServe Network occurrence data documented between 1994 and 2026 (RARECAT 2026, GBIF 2026, NatureServe 2026).","areaOfOccupancy":null,"areaOfOccupancyComments":null,"numberEosComments":"By applying a 1 km separation distance to herbarium specimens, photo-based observations, and NatureServe Network occurrence data documented between 1994 and 2026, it is estimated that there are thousands of occurrences rangewide (RARECAT 2026, GBIF 2026, NatureServe 2026).","popSizeComments":null,"viabilityComments":null,"threatImpactComments":"This species is threatened by increased fire frequency or intensity, disease, herbivory, and hybridization (Sher 2002), though there is insufficient data, including anecdotal accounts, to understand scope and severity of threats for this species rangewide.<br/><br/> It is an alternate host for cedar apple blight (<i>Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae</i>), though it does little harm; however, it is susceptible to other diseases, including Phomopsis blight (<i>Phomopsis juniperovora</i>), Cercospora blight (<i>Cercospora sequoiae</i> var.<i> juniperi</i>), and Kabatina tip blight (<i>Kabatina juniperi</i>) (Scher 2002). It may also be vulnerable to arthropods, including \"roundheaded borer (<i>Callidium californicum</i>) in Oregon and Washington, bark beetles (<i>Phloeosinus scopulorum</i>) in Washington and British Columbia, cedar twig beetles (<i>Phloeosinus</i> spp.) throughout the central and southern part of its range, cedar flathead borers (<i>Chrysobothris</i> spp.), and gall midges (<i>Walshomyia insignis</i>). Two species of spider mites and two species of juniper berry mites can also cause problems\" (Sher 2002). Native mammals, including mule deer and American bison, may heavily browse trees in winter (Scher 2002).<br/><br/>This species hybridizes with many junipers, including alligator juniper (<i>J. deppeana</i>), creeping juniper (<i>J. horizontalis</i>), oneseed juniper (<i>J. monosperma</i>), Utah juniper (<i>J. osteosperma</i>), and eastern redcedar (<i>J. virginiana</i>) (Scher 2002).","shortTermTrendComments":null,"longTermTrendComments":null,"inventoryNeeds":null,"numberProtEosComments":null,"protectionNeeds":null,"otherConsiderations":null,"intrinsicVulnerabilityComments":null,"enviromentalSpecificityComments":null},"animalCharacteristics":null,"occurrenceDelineations":[{"eoSpecsDetailId":-1,"locationUseClass":null,"eoSpecGroupName":"Default","subtypes":null,"inferredExtentDistance":null,"inferredExtentNotes":null,"minimumEoCriteria":null,"mappingGuidance":null,"separationBarriers":null,"separationDistanceUnsuitableHabitatat":1.0,"separationDistanceSuitableHabitatat":1.0,"altSeparationProcedure":null,"separationJustification":null,"versionDate":null,"versionAuthor":null,"versionNotes":null,"lastModified":"2020-02-25T14:20:12.251048Z"}],"plantCharacteristics":{"elementGlobalId":1275532,"genusEconomicValue":false,"economicComments":"This species has been widely cultivated and has several named horticultural forms (Scher 2002).","plantProductionMethods":[],"plantDurations":[{"plantCagDurationId":111623,"duration":{"id":3,"durationDescEn":"PERENNIAL","durationDescEs":"PERENNE","durationDescFr":"VIVACE","displayOrder":3}},{"plantCagDurationId":111624,"duration":{"id":5,"durationDescEn":"Long-lived","durationDescEs":"Larga vida útil","durationDescFr":"Longue durée de vie","displayOrder":5}},{"plantCagDurationId":111625,"duration":{"id":7,"durationDescEn":"EVERGREEN","durationDescEs":"CONIFERA","durationDescFr":"À FEUILLAGE PERSISTANT","displayOrder":7}}],"plantEconomicUses":[{"plantCagEconomicUseId":103675,"economicUse":{"id":36,"economicUseDescEn":"LANDSCAPING","economicUseDescEs":"PAISAJISMO","economicUseDescFr":"AMÉNAGEMENT PAYSAGER","displayOrder":37}},{"plantCagEconomicUseId":103676,"economicUse":{"id":37,"economicUseDescEn":"Cultivated ornamental","economicUseDescEs":"Cultivo ornamental","economicUseDescFr":"Ornemental cultivé","displayOrder":38}}],"plantCommercialImportances":[]},"elementManagement":{"elementGlobalId":1275532,"eoManagementGroupName":null,"stewardshipOverview":null,"impacts":null,"restorationPotential":null,"siteConservationPlansConsidered":null,"managementMethods":null,"monitoringMethods":null,"managementProgramContacts":null,"monitoringProgramContacts":null,"managementResearchPrograms":null,"managementResearchNeeds":null,"biologicalResearchNeeds":null,"additionalTopics":null},"occurrenceViabilities":[],"references":[{"id":1125918,"citation":"Adams, R.P. 2018. <i>Juniperus</i> of Canada and the United States: Taxonomy, Key and Distribution. Lundellia 21(1):1-34.","shortCitationAuthor":"Adams","shortCitationYear":2018,"referenceCode":"A18ADA01HQUS","lastModified":"2024-02-02T22:58:19.315399Z"},{"id":132991,"citation":"Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 1993a. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 2. Pteridophytes and gymnosperms. Oxford Univ. Press, New York. xvi + 475 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"FNA","shortCitationYear":1993,"referenceCode":"B93FNA02HQUS","lastModified":"2024-07-05T22:45:33.79037Z"},{"id":1171481,"citation":"GBIF. 2026. Filtered export of GBIF occurrence data: Juniperus scopulorum. Online. https://www.gbif.org/derivedDataset/10.15468/dd.62t7x9 (accessed 21 07 2026).","shortCitationAuthor":"GBIF","shortCitationYear":2026,"referenceCode":"W26G0021HQUS","lastModified":"2026-10-03T07:56:47.743883Z"},{"id":154408,"citation":"Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.","shortCitationAuthor":"Kartesz","shortCitationYear":1994,"referenceCode":"B94KAR01HQUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T15:54:02.397953Z"},{"id":116281,"citation":"Little, E.L., Jr. 1979. Checklist of United States trees (native and naturalized). Agriculture Handbook No. 541. U.S. Forest Service, Washington, D.C. 375 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Little","shortCitationYear":1979,"referenceCode":"B79LIT01HQUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T15:54:07.632327Z"},{"id":1161589,"citation":"NatureServe. 2026. NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia.","shortCitationAuthor":"NatureServe","shortCitationYear":2026,"referenceCode":"U26NAT01HQUS","lastModified":"2026-01-30T22:51:40.256407Z"},{"id":1168277,"citation":"NatureServe's Rapid Analysis of Rarity and Endangerment Conservation Assessment Tool (RARECAT). 2026. Version: 3.1.1 (released July 6, 2026).","shortCitationAuthor":"RARECAT","shortCitationYear":2026,"referenceCode":"W26NSR01HQUS","lastModified":"2026-07-31T22:06:25.53647Z"},{"id":760726,"citation":"Scher, J. S. 2002. <i>Juniperus scopulorum</i>. In: Fire Effects Information System [Online]. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). [http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/] (accessed 25 June 2015).","shortCitationAuthor":"Scher","shortCitationYear":2002,"referenceCode":"W02SCH01ICEC","lastModified":"2020-02-25T15:26:25.935563Z"},{"id":1031117,"citation":"Welsh, S.L., N.D. Atwood, S. Goodrich, and L.C. Higgins. (Eds). 2015. A Utah flora, fifth edition, revised 2015. Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum, Provo, Utah. 987 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Welsh et al.","shortCitationYear":2015,"referenceCode":"B15WEL01HQUS","lastModified":"2023-05-05T21:59:25.911604Z"}],"otherCommonNames":[{"id":205961,"name":"Genévrier des Rocheuses","language":"FR"},{"id":205960,"name":"Rocky Mountain juniper","language":"EN"},{"id":205962,"name":"Western Juniper","language":"EN"}],"speciesGlobal":{"elementGlobalId":1275532,"cites":null,"cosewic":null,"fwsRegion":null,"genusSize":null,"jurisEndem":{"id":5,"jurisEndemDescEn":"occurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations","jurisEndemDescEs":"Se encuentra en varias naciones (de manera regular, como un taxón nativo)","jurisEndemDescFr":"Se trouve dans plusieurs nations (de façon régulière, tel un taxon indigène)"},"nomenclaturallyEst":null,"usesa":null,"informalTaxonomy":{"informalTaxonomyId":102,"level1":"Plants","level2":"Vascular Plants - Conifers and relatives","level3":"Conifers","level":3,"hasChildren":false,"parentId":101,"distributionStatus":"complete","displayOrder":5310},"parentSpecies":null,"infraspecies":false,"kingdom":"Plantae","phylum":"Coniferophyta","taxclass":"Pinopsida","taxorder":"Pinales","family":"Cupressaceae","genus":"Juniperus","americanFisheriesStatus":null,"americanFisheriesStatusDate":null,"saraStatus":null,"saraStatusDate":null,"cosewicDate":null,"interpretedCosewic":null,"cosewicComments":null,"usesaDate":null,"interpretedUsesa":null,"usesaComments":null,"completeDistribution":true,"synonyms":[],"infraspeciesList":[],"ebarId":null,"ebarCanadianScope":false,"ebarGlobalScope":false,"ebarKbaGroup":"Vascular Plants","caGeneralStatusId":"GS005052"},"speciesCharacteristics":{"elementGlobalId":1275532,"reproductionComments":"Its berries ripen and fall in the second spring, and they are dispersed by birds, though bighorn sheep, foxes, chipmunks, and other small mammals as well as gravity and water also help disperse seeds (Scher 2002).","ecologyComments":"Seedlings are tolerant of shade, but mature trees are not (Scher 2002). This species is easily killed by fire for their first twenty years until thicker bark is developed, though severe fires may damage or kill mature trees (Scher 2002). Trees provide food and habitat for a wide range of birds and mammals.","habitatComments":"<i>Juniperus scopulorum</i> grows in xeric, rocky, clayey, or sandy soils on slopes, eroded hillsides, canyon bottoms, rocky outcrops, butte tops, draws, and floodplains, in pinyon-juniper, mountain brush, ponderosa pine, Douglas fir, white fir, and aspen communities (FNA 1993, Scher 2002, Welsh et al. 2015). Soils tend to be calcareous and somewhat alkaline, derived from basalt, limestone, sandstone, lavas, and shale (Scher 2002). This species is found over most of the range of pinyon-juniper woodlands, and \"it is a major tree species in the higher elevations of pinyon-juniper woodlands in Colorado, northern New Mexico, and Arizona, and locally in Nevada and Utah. 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