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However some arbitrary cap is needed where habitat is extensive or foodplant patches are widely distributed within a large community.","minimumEoCriteria":"A patch or proximate patches of the foodplant where the species occurs or has occurred where there is potential for persistence or regular recurrence. Minimally a collection or photograph of an adult or verifiable larvae in association with the foodplant.   If the foodplant is not known for the species an occurrence may be based on an adult associated with plausible habitat, that is with some sort of flowery situation such as a grassland, roadside, outcrop etc.  Verification standards vary with taxa, but for many SCHNIA and some others photographs of adults are acceptable although specimens are always preferable.  In most cases high quality occurrences will be metapopulations with several large patches of the foodplant with some scattered individuals between the main patches, usually within in a large prairie, savanna, woodland etc.","mappingGuidance":"When the foodplant occurs in multiple patches within a large remnant prairie, savanna, woodland, right of way etc. consider all occupied patches as a single metapopulation occurrence subject to the 10 kilometer distance.","separationBarriers":null,"separationDistanceUnsuitableHabitatat":2.0,"separationDistanceSuitableHabitatat":10.0,"altSeparationProcedure":null,"separationJustification":"Most of these species are strong fliers and good colonizers.  For example SCHINIA NUBILA colonized and became established in much of southern New Jersey and parts of Maryland, New York and Pennsylvania during the early and mid 1990s. Many species are very adept at colonizing successional habitats or coping with plants that do not flower every year. They also often reach high densities and can colonize small patches of plants if there are other source patches in the area. Thus a population should occupy essentially all available habitat  where the species is present at all and populations will usually occur widely in good habitats although areas of concentration will shift if the plants bloom irregularly.  While strays do occur adults concentrate very near their larval foodplant so relatively short separation distances across unsuitable habitat can be used to define occurrences even though some gene flow may occur.   While some seemingly suitable habitat may be unoccupied for some of the rarer species, in general collections less than 10 kilometers apart over suitable habitat with the foodplant are very unlikely to represent separate occurrences.","versionDate":"2001-10-30","versionAuthor":"Schweitzer, Dale F.","versionNotes":null,"lastModified":"2026-02-28T03:24:05.413658Z"}],"plantCharacteristics":null,"elementManagement":{"elementGlobalId":112930,"eoManagementGroupName":"Schinia and other flower-feeding Noctuidae","stewardshipOverview":null,"impacts":null,"restorationPotential":null,"siteConservationPlansConsidered":null,"managementMethods":null,"monitoringMethods":null,"managementProgramContacts":null,"monitoringProgramContacts":null,"managementResearchPrograms":null,"managementResearchNeeds":null,"biologicalResearchNeeds":null,"additionalTopics":null},"occurrenceViabilities":[{"eoRankSpecsDetailId":114128,"eoRankSpecsGroupName":null,"locationUseClass":{"id":1,"locationUseClassDescEn":"Not applicable","locationUseClassDescEs":"No se aplica","locationUseClassDescFr":"Sans objet","displayOrder":1},"excellentViability":null,"goodViability":null,"fairViability":null,"poorViability":null,"viabilityJustification":"Use the Generic Guidelines for the Application of Occurrence Ranks (2008).<br>The Key for Ranking Species Occurrences Using the Generic Approach provides a step-wise process for implementing this method.","versionDate":null,"versionAuthor":null,"versionNotes":null,"lastModified":"2020-05-14T02:49:19.95238Z"}],"references":[{"id":111995,"citation":"Hodges, R.W. et al., eds. 1983. 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