{"elementGlobalId":106197,"circumscripConfidence":{"id":1,"circumscripConfidenceDescEn":"1 - Strong","circumscripConfidenceDescEs":"1 - Fuerte","circumscripConfidenceDescFr":"1 – Forte"},"classificationLevel":{"id":7,"classificationLevelNameEn":"Species","classificationLevelNameEs":"Especies","classificationLevelNameFr":"Espèce"},"classificationStatus":{"id":1,"classificationStatusDescEn":"Standard","classificationStatusDescEs":"Estándar","classificationStatusDescFr":"Standard"},"iucn":{"id":11,"iucnDescEn":"Least concern","iucnDescEs":"Menos preocupante","iucnDescFr":"Moins préoccupante","iucnCode":"LC"},"nameCategory":{"id":1,"nameCategoryDescEn":"Vertebrate Animal","nameCategoryDescEs":"Animal vertebrado","nameCategoryDescFr":"Animal vertébré","nameTypeCd":"A","nameTypeDesc":"Zoological"},"rankMethodUsed":null,"formattedScientificName":"<i>Pseudacris nigrita</i>","scientificName":"Pseudacris nigrita","scientificNameAuthor":"(LeConte, 1825)","primaryCommonName":"Southern Chorus Frog","relatedItisNames":"<i>Pseudacris nigrita</i> (LeConte, 1825) (TSN 173530)","uniqueId":"ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.106197","elcode":"AAABC05040","conceptRefFullCitation":"Frost, D. R. 1985. Amphibian species of the world. A taxonomic and geographical reference. Allen Press, Inc., and The Association of  Systematics Collections, Lawrence, Kansas. v + 732 pp.","conceptName":"<i>Pseudacris nigrita</i>","taxonomicComments":"Hybridizes with <i>P. triseriata</i> at extreme western edge of range (Gates 1988). Prior to 1957, <i>P. triseriata</i> and <i>P. nigrita</i> were not regarded as separate species. Moriarty and Cannatella (2004) rejected recognition of subspecies.<br/><br/>Based on a re-analysis of previously published molecular data, Duellman et al. (2016) restricted the name <i>Pseudacris </i>to eastern and Rocky Mountain species, and allocated the western species, <i>P. cadaverina</i>, <i>P. hypochondriaca,</i> <i>P. regilla</i>, and <i>P. sierra</i> to the genus <i>Hyliola</i>. Based on genome-wide nDNA data, Banker et al. (2020) argued that <i>Hyliola </i>should not be recognized because (a) the genus <i>Pseudacris</i> already is a monophyletic taxon without the change, and (b) the geographic separation rationale cited by Duellman et al. (2016) is insufficient as the sole criterion for splitting a long recognized monophyletic clade, causing unnecessary taxonomic instability. Use of <i>Hyliola </i>has not gained any traction in the systematic community, presumably because of the small number of species involved (Nicholson 2025).","roundedGRank":"G5","conservationStatusFactorsEditionDate":"2010-01-25","conservationStatusFactorsEditionAuthors":"Hammerson, G.","primaryCommonNameLanguage":"EN","recordType":"SPECIES","elementNationals":[{"elementNationalId":162192,"classifConfidence":null,"nation":{"id":225,"nameEn":"United States","nameEs":"Estados Unidos","nameFr":"États-Unis","isoCode":"US","region":"United 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(Hobson and Moriarty, 2003, Herpetol. 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Such evidence minimally includes collection or reliable observation and documentation of one or more individuals (including larvae or eggs) in or near appropriate habitat where the species is presumed to be established and  breeding.","mappingGuidance":null,"separationBarriers":"Busy major highway such that frogs rarely if ever cross successfully; intensive urban development dominated by buildings and pavement and lacking suitable vegetated frog refuges.","separationDistanceUnsuitableHabitatat":1.0,"separationDistanceSuitableHabitatat":5.0,"altSeparationProcedure":null,"separationJustification":"Available information is limited but indicates that hylids generally exhibit limited movements on a short-term basis. In New Jersey, Freda and Morin (1984) and Freda and Gonzalez (1986) demonstrated that individual Hyla andersonii often travel distances of 100 m from breeding ponds during the nonbreeding season. In montane Colorado, Spencer (1964) found that Pseudacris triseriata range into wet meadows usually within about 700 m of their breeding sites and sometimes cross a few hundred meters of upland habitat. Kay (1989) determined that most Pseudacris cadaverina individuals range over small segments of streamcourse; 83 percent of movements were less than 25 m in a 1-year study. In Michigan, nonbreeding home range diameters of Pseudacris crucifer, established around forest debris and vegetation, ranged from 1.2 to 5.5 m (Delzell 1958). <br><br>Based on this information it appears that 1 km is an appropriate separation distance for unsuitable habitat. Despite limited data suggesting restricted movements, dispersal data are scant, and these frogs are clearly physically capable of long moves. 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E., A. R. Lemmon, A. B. Hassinger, S. D. Holland, M. L. Kortyna, O. E. Ospina, H. Ralicki, and E. M. Lemmon. 2020. Hierarchical hybrid enrichment: Multitiered genomic data collection across evolutionary scales, with application to Chorus Frogs (<i>Pseudacris</i>). Systematic Biology 69:756-773.","shortCitationAuthor":"Banker et al.","shortCitationYear":2020,"referenceCode":"A20BAN01NAUS","lastModified":"2021-07-03T06:16:20.495209Z"},{"id":121080,"citation":"Bartlett, R. D., and P. P. Bartlett. 1999b. A field guide to Florida reptiles and amphibians. Gulf Publishing Company, Houston, Texas. xvi + 278 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Bartlett and Bartlett","shortCitationYear":1999,"referenceCode":"B99BAR02NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:11:58.710124Z"},{"id":137372,"citation":"Behler, J. L., and F. W. King. 1979. The Audubon Society field guide to North American reptiles and amphibians. Alfred A. 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Herpetologica 50:420-437.","shortCitationAuthor":"Cocroft","shortCitationYear":1994,"referenceCode":"A94COC01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:17:08.449166Z"},{"id":138288,"citation":"Conant, R. 1975. A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of Eastern and Central North America. Second Edition. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, Massachusetts. xvii + 429 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Conant","shortCitationYear":1975,"referenceCode":"B75CON01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T14:38:24.173666Z"},{"id":104608,"citation":"Conant, R. and J. T. Collins. 1991. A field guide to reptiles and amphibians: eastern and central North America. Third edition. Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston, Massachusetts. 450 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Conant and Collins","shortCitationYear":1991,"referenceCode":"B91CON01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:11:51.303794Z"},{"id":943912,"citation":"Crother, B. I. (editor). 2017. Scientific and standard English names of amphibians and reptiles of North America north of Mexico, with comments regarding confidence in our understanding. 8th edition. SSAR Herpetological Circular 43:1-104. [Updates in SSAR North American Species Names Database at: https://ssarherps.org/cndb]","shortCitationAuthor":"Crother","shortCitationYear":2017,"referenceCode":"B17CRO01EHUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:11:53.413199Z"},{"id":767107,"citation":"Duellman, W. E., A. B. Marion, and S. B. Hedges. 2016. Phylogenetics, classification, and biogeography of the treefrogs (Amphibia: Anura: Arboranae). Zootaxa 4104: 1–109.","shortCitationAuthor":"Duellman et al.","shortCitationYear":2016,"referenceCode":"A16DUE01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:16:50.683118Z"},{"id":119796,"citation":"Frost, D. R. 1985. Amphibian species of the world. A taxonomic and geographical reference. 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A new North American chorus frog species (Pseudacris: Hylidae: Amphibia) from the south-central United States. Zootaxa 1675:1-30.","shortCitationAuthor":"Lemmon et al.","shortCitationYear":2008,"referenceCode":"A08LEM01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:26:46.755042Z"},{"id":613377,"citation":"Lemmon, E. M., A. R. Lemmon, J. T. Collins, J. A. Lee-Yaw, and D. C. Cannatella. 2007. Phylogeny-based delimitation of species boundaries and contact zones in the trilling chorus frogs (<i>Pseudacris</i>). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 44:1068-1082.","shortCitationAuthor":"Lemmon et al.","shortCitationYear":2007,"referenceCode":"A07LEM01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:18:05.137388Z"},{"id":124025,"citation":"Martof, B. S., W. M. Palmer, J. R. Bailey, and J. R. Harrison, III. 1980. Amphibians and reptiles of the Carolinas and Virginia. 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Scientific and Standard English Names of Amphibians and Reptiles of North America North of Mexico, with Comments Regarding Confidence in Our Understanding. Ninth Edition. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles. 87 pp. Online database available at: https://cnah.org/SSARnames.aspx","shortCitationAuthor":"Nicholson","shortCitationYear":2025,"referenceCode":"B25NIC01NAUS","lastModified":"2026-06-06T01:36:32.018241Z"}],"otherCommonNames":[{"id":145542,"name":"southern chorus frog","language":"EN"}],"speciesGlobal":{"elementGlobalId":106197,"cites":null,"cosewic":null,"fwsRegion":null,"genusSize":{"id":3,"genusSizeDescEn":"Small genus","genusSizeDescEs":"Género pequeño","genusSizeDescFr":"Petit genre"},"jurisEndem":{"id":3,"jurisEndemDescEn":"endemic to a single nation","jurisEndemDescEs":"Endémico de una nación","jurisEndemDescFr":"Endémique à une nation"},"nomenclaturallyEst":null,"usesa":null,"informalTaxonomy":{"informalTaxonomyId":3,"level1":"Animals","level2":"Vertebrates","level3":"Amphibians","level":3,"hasChildren":false,"parentId":2,"distributionStatus":"complete","displayOrder":1060},"parentSpecies":null,"infraspecies":false,"kingdom":"Animalia","phylum":"Craniata","taxclass":"Amphibia","taxorder":"Anura","family":"Hylidae","genus":"Pseudacris","americanFisheriesStatus":null,"americanFisheriesStatusDate":null,"saraStatus":null,"saraStatusDate":null,"cosewicDate":null,"interpretedCosewic":null,"cosewicComments":null,"usesaDate":null,"interpretedUsesa":null,"usesaComments":null,"completeDistribution":true,"synonyms":[],"infraspeciesList":[{"infraspeciesId":103996,"uniqueId":"ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.103996","formattedScientificName":"<i>Pseudacris nigrita nigrita</i>","scientificName":"Pseudacris nigrita nigrita","primaryCommonName":"Southern Chorus Frog","nsxUrl":null},{"infraspeciesId":102321,"uniqueId":"ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.102321","formattedScientificName":"<i>Pseudacris nigrita verrucosa</i>","scientificName":"Pseudacris nigrita verrucosa","primaryCommonName":"Florida Chorus Frog","nsxUrl":null}],"ebarId":null,"ebarCanadianScope":false,"ebarGlobalScope":false,"ebarKbaGroup":"Amphibians and Reptiles","caGeneralStatusId":null},"speciesCharacteristics":{"elementGlobalId":106197,"reproductionComments":"Breeding occurs from fall to early spring (winter peak) in the northern part of the range, in any month in Florida. Calling may occur day or night. Egg-laying usually is associated with heavy rains. Eggs hatch in several days. Aquatic larvae metamorphose into the terrestrial form in about 50 days (6-8 weks). Individuals are sexually mature in one year (Caldwell 1987) and few live longer than that. These frogs are seldom found outside the breeding season.","ecologyComments":"Population turnover was nearly annual in South Carolina (Caldwell 1987).","habitatComments":"Southern chorus frogs inhabit pine flatwoods, pine-oak forests, sandhills, and cleared and otherwise disturbed habitats. Most of the year these frogs are primarily terrestrial, and they may burrow among plant material or into the ground when conditions are unsuitable for surface activity. Breeding sites include flooded grassy depressions, roadside ditches, margins of shallow ponds, sinkhole ponds, and other temporary pools, often including those in distrubed areas. Females attach eggs to submerged vegetation.","generalDescription":"The upper side is light gray to tan, dark brown, or black, with blackish stripes or spots in three rows. The skin is punctuated with many small warts. The upper lip has a white line or series of black spots. The snout is relatively pointed. In contrast to some other chorus frogs, there is no stripe on the rear of the thighs. The rear toes are weakly webbed. Maxoimum size is about 1.3 inches (3.2 cm) snout-vent length. Breeding males have a dark throat. Larvae are small, slender, and brown, with a gold or brassy belly; the tail fins begin at or behind the spiracle and are clear with numerous small dark marks. The tail musculature is dark. 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