{"elementGlobalId":106150,"circumscripConfidence":{"id":2,"circumscripConfidenceDescEn":"2 - Moderate","circumscripConfidenceDescEs":"2 - Moderado","circumscripConfidenceDescFr":"2 – Modérée"},"classificationLevel":{"id":7,"classificationLevelNameEn":"Species","classificationLevelNameEs":"Especies","classificationLevelNameFr":"Espèce"},"classificationStatus":{"id":1,"classificationStatusDescEn":"Standard","classificationStatusDescEs":"Estándar","classificationStatusDescFr":"Standard"},"iucn":{"id":11,"iucnDescEn":"Least concern","iucnDescEs":"Menos preocupante","iucnDescFr":"Moins préoccupante","iucnCode":"LC"},"nameCategory":{"id":1,"nameCategoryDescEn":"Vertebrate Animal","nameCategoryDescEs":"Animal vertebrado","nameCategoryDescFr":"Animal vertébré","nameTypeCd":"A","nameTypeDesc":"Zoological"},"rankMethodUsed":null,"formattedScientificName":"<i>Anolis carolinensis</i>","scientificName":"Anolis carolinensis","scientificNameAuthor":"(Voight, 1832)","primaryCommonName":"Green Anole","relatedItisNames":"<i>Anolis carolinensis</i> Voigt, 1832 (TSN 173885)","uniqueId":"ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.106150","elcode":"ARACF01010","conceptRefFullCitation":"Williams, E. E. 1976. West Indian anoles: a taxonomic and evolutionary summary 1. Introduction and a species list. Breviora, Museum of Comparative Zoology 440:1-21.","conceptName":"<i>Anolis carolinensis</i>","taxonomicComments":"For a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of anoles see Poe et al. (2017, 2018) and Román-Palacios et al. (2018). Poe et al. (2017) presented a revised taxonomy of anoles following the principles of phylogenetic nomenclature (e.g. Cantino and de Queiroz 2020) which is followed by Nicholson (2025). See also Nicholson et al. (2018) for a rank-based alternative.","roundedGRank":"G5","conservationStatusFactorsEditionDate":"2005-08-25","conservationStatusFactorsEditionAuthors":"Hammerson, G.","primaryCommonNameLanguage":"EN","recordType":"SPECIES","elementNationals":[{"elementNationalId":163094,"classifConfidence":null,"nation":{"id":225,"nameEn":"United States","nameEs":"Estados Unidos","nameFr":"États-Unis","isoCode":"US","region":"United States"},"roundedNRank":"N5","elementSubnationals":[{"elementSubnationalId":300148,"subnation":{"id":12,"nameEn":"Florida","nameEs":"Florida","nameFr":"Floride","subnationCode":"FL","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":300148,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":267301,"subnation":{"id":4,"nameEn":"Arkansas","nameEs":"Arkansas","nameFr":"Arkansas","subnationCode":"AR","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":267301,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":315877,"subnation":{"id":43,"nameEn":"Oklahoma","nameEs":"Oklahoma","nameFr":"Oklahoma","subnationCode":"OK","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"SNR","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"SNR","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":315877,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":310425,"subnation":{"id":32,"nameEn":"Mississippi","nameEs":"Mississippi","nameFr":"Mississippi","subnationCode":"MS","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":310425,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":409061,"subnation":{"id":23,"nameEn":"Louisiana","nameEs":"Louisiana","nameFr":"Louisiane","subnationCode":"LA","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":409061,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":314229,"subnation":{"id":14,"nameEn":"Georgia","nameEs":"Georgia","nameFr":"Géorgie","subnationCode":"GA","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":314229,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":298814,"subnation":{"id":34,"nameEn":"North Carolina","nameEs":"Carolina del Norte","nameFr":"Caroline du Nord","subnationCode":"NC","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":298814,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":347317,"subnation":{"id":50,"nameEn":"Tennessee","nameEs":"Tennessee","nameFr":"Tennessee","subnationCode":"TN","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S3","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S3","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":347317,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":274746,"subnation":{"id":16,"nameEn":"Hawaii","nameEs":"Hawai","nameFr":"Hawaï","subnationCode":"HI","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"SNA","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"SNA","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":274746,"hybrid":false,"exotic":true,"native":false}},{"elementSubnationalId":275068,"subnation":{"id":2,"nameEn":"Alabama","nameEs":"Alabama","nameFr":"Alabama","subnationCode":"AL","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":275068,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":266165,"subnation":{"id":48,"nameEn":"South Carolina","nameEs":"Carolina del Sur","nameFr":"Caroline du Sud","subnationCode":"SC","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":266165,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":393515,"subnation":{"id":51,"nameEn":"Texas","nameEs":"Texas","nameFr":"Texas","subnationCode":"TX","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":393515,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}}],"nrankReviewYear":1996,"nrank":"N5","speciesNational":{"elementNationalId":163094,"exotic":false,"native":true}}],"lastModified":"2026-10-02T21:47:29.488203Z","lastPublished":"2026-10-02T21:32:08.892226Z","promotionalDescription":null,"conceptLineageSummary":null,"nsxUrl":"/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.106150/Anolis_carolinensis","grankAdjustmentReasons":null,"grankChangeDate":"1996-10-28","grankReviewDate":"2005-08-25","grankReasons":null,"grank":"G5","rankInfo":{"elementGlobalId":106150,"aooPercentGood":null,"enviromentalSpecificity":null,"intrinsicVulnerability":{"id":4,"intrinsicVulnerabilityDescEn":"Moderately vulnerable","intrinsicVulnerabilityDescEs":"Moderadamente vulnerable","intrinsicVulnerabilityDescFr":"Moyennement vulnérable"},"longTermTrend":{"id":38,"longTermTrendDescEn":"Decline of <30% to increase of 25%","longTermTrendDescEs":"Disminución de <30% a aumento de 25%.","longTermTrendDescFr":"Diminution de <30 % à augmentation de 25 %"},"numberEos":{"id":15,"numberEosDescEn":"> 300","numberEosDescEs":"> 300","numberEosDescFr":"> 300"},"numberGoodEos":{"id":21,"numberGoodEosDescEn":"Very many (>125)","numberGoodEosDescEs":"Muchos (>125)","numberGoodEosDescFr":"Beaucoup (>125)"},"numberProtEos":{"id":15,"numberProtEosDescEn":"Very many (>40) occurrences appropriately protected and managed","numberProtEosDescEs":"Muchas ocurrencias (>40) protegidas y controladas adecuadamente","numberProtEosDescFr":"Beaucoup d’occurrences (>40) protégées et contrôlées convenablement"},"popSize":{"id":35,"popSizeDescEn":"100,000 to >1,000,000 individuals","popSizeDescEs":"De 100.000 a >1.000.000 de individuos","popSizeDescFr":"De 100 000 à >1 000 000 individus"},"rangeExtent":{"id":33,"rangeExtentDescEn":"200,000-2,500,000 square km (about 80,000-1,000,000 square miles)","rangeExtentDescEs":"200.000 a 2.500.000 kilómetros cuadrados (aproximadamente 80.000 a 1.000.000 millas cuadradas)","rangeExtentDescFr":"De 200 000 à 2 500 000 km carrés (de 80 000 à 1 000 000 miles carrés approximativement)"},"shortTermTrend":{"id":40,"shortTermTrendDescEn":"Relatively Stable (<=10% change)","shortTermTrendDescEs":"Relativamente estable (variación = <10%)","shortTermTrendDescFr":"Relativement stable (variation = <10 %)"},"threatImpactAssigned":{"id":8,"threatImpactAssignedDescEn":"Medium","threatImpactAssignedDescEs":"Medio","threatImpactAssignedDescFr":"Moyen"},"rangeExtentComments":"Range encompasses the southeastern United States: southern and eastern Texas, southeastern Oklahoma, central Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina south to the Rio Grande, Gulf Coast, and Florida Keys, with an isolated record from Tamaulipas, Mexico (Conant and Collins 1991). It has been introduced and is established in the Hawaiian Islands (McKeown 1996), Mariana Islands (disturbed snake-free situations (McCoid 1993, 1994; Wiles and Guerrero 1996; Vogt et al. 2001), and on Anguilla, West Indies (Eaton et al. 2001). Introduced and possibly established on Grand Cayman Islands, West Indies (Powell 2002).","areaOfOccupancy":null,"areaOfOccupancyComments":null,"numberEosComments":"This species is represented by a very large number of occurrences or subpopulations.","popSizeComments":"Total adult population size is unknown but surely exceeds 100,000 and may exceed 1,000,000. The species is locally common in many areas (Palmer and Braswell 1995, Bartlett and Bartlett 1999, Trauth et al. 2004).","viabilityComments":null,"threatImpactComments":"In Florida, appears to be disappearing where the introduced brown anole has become established (Ashton and Ashton 1991). This factor, competition with and predation by other non-native anoles, and human-caused habitat degradation have caused declines in central and southern Florida (Bartlett and Bartlett 1999).  An introduced population in Guam is restricted by predation by the introduced brown tree snake (McCoid 1994).","shortTermTrendComments":"Extent of occurrence, area of occupnacy, number of subpopulations, and population size are large and apparently relatively stable, though declines have occurred in Florida.","longTermTrendComments":null,"inventoryNeeds":null,"numberProtEosComments":"This lizard occurs in many protected areas (parks, natural areas, etc.).","protectionNeeds":null,"otherConsiderations":null,"intrinsicVulnerabilityComments":null,"enviromentalSpecificityComments":null},"animalCharacteristics":{"elementGlobalId":106150,"majorHabitat":{"id":3,"majorHabitatDescEn":"Terrestrial","majorHabitatDescEs":"Terrestre","majorHabitatDescFr":"Terrestre"},"nonMigrant":true,"localMigrant":false,"longDistanceMigrant":false,"mobilityMigrationComments":null,"foodHabitsComments":"Eats insects, spiders, and other small invertebrates.","animalPhenologyComments":"Less active in cold weather but does not hibernate and can be active on sunny cold days in winter.","colonialBreeder":false,"length":20,"width":null,"weight":null,"animalPhenologies":[{"animalCagPhenologyId":102490,"animalPhenology":{"id":3,"animalPhenologyDescEn":"Diurnal","animalPhenologyDescEs":"Diurno","animalPhenologyDescFr":"Diurne","displayOrder":3},"adult":true,"immature":true}],"animalFoodHabits":[{"animalCagFoodHabitsId":104630,"foodHabits":{"id":3,"foodHabitsDescEn":"Invertivore","foodHabitsDescEs":"Invertívoro","foodHabitsDescFr":"Invertivore","displayOrder":3},"adult":true,"immature":true}]},"occurrenceDelineations":[{"eoSpecsDetailId":1003,"locationUseClass":{"id":1,"locationUseClassDescEn":"Not applicable","locationUseClassDescEs":"No se aplica","locationUseClassDescFr":"Sans objet","displayOrder":1},"eoSpecGroupName":"Anoles (Polychrid Lizards)","subtypes":null,"inferredExtentDistance":0.2,"inferredExtentNotes":null,"minimumEoCriteria":"Occurrences are based on evidence of historical presence, or current and likely recurring presence, at a given location. Such evidence minimally includes collection or reliable observation and documentation of one or more individuals (including eggs) in or near appropriate habitat where the species is presumed to be established and  breeding.","mappingGuidance":null,"separationBarriers":"Busy highway or highway with obstructions such that lizards rarely if ever cross successfully; major river, lake, pond, or deep marsh; urbanized area dominated by buildings and pavement (this barrier applies only to non-urban/suburban species).","separationDistanceUnsuitableHabitatat":1.0,"separationDistanceSuitableHabitatat":5.0,"altSeparationProcedure":null,"separationJustification":"Movement patterns of anoles are poorly documented. These lizards appear to be relatively sedentary on a short-term basis, but they are appear to be capable of making extensive movements. <br><br>The separation distance for suitable habitat is a compromise between the typical sedentary habits of these lizards and the likely low probability that two locations separated by less than several kilometers of suitable habitat would represent independent populations (these lizards tend to occur throughout areas of suitable habitat). Also, the separation distance is set to conform with distance used for other lizards of similar size.","versionDate":"2004-09-21","versionAuthor":"Hammerson, G.","versionNotes":null,"lastModified":"2020-04-30T02:04:32.800892Z"}],"plantCharacteristics":null,"elementManagement":{"elementGlobalId":106150,"eoManagementGroupName":null,"stewardshipOverview":null,"impacts":null,"restorationPotential":null,"siteConservationPlansConsidered":null,"managementMethods":null,"monitoringMethods":null,"managementProgramContacts":null,"monitoringProgramContacts":null,"managementResearchPrograms":null,"managementResearchNeeds":null,"biologicalResearchNeeds":null,"additionalTopics":null},"occurrenceViabilities":[{"eoRankSpecsDetailId":107555,"eoRankSpecsGroupName":null,"locationUseClass":{"id":1,"locationUseClassDescEn":"Not applicable","locationUseClassDescEs":"No se aplica","locationUseClassDescFr":"Sans objet","displayOrder":1},"excellentViability":null,"goodViability":null,"fairViability":null,"poorViability":null,"viabilityJustification":"Use the Generic Guidelines for the Application of Occurrence Ranks (2008).<br>The Key for Ranking Species Occurrences Using the Generic Approach provides a step-wise process for implementing this method.","versionDate":null,"versionAuthor":null,"versionNotes":null,"lastModified":"2020-05-14T02:30:45.404286Z"}],"references":[{"id":107516,"citation":"Andrews, R. M. 1985. Oviposition frequency of <i>Anolis carolinensis</i>. Copeia 1985:259-262.","shortCitationAuthor":"Andrews","shortCitationYear":1985,"referenceCode":"A85AND02NAUS","lastModified":"2020-11-11T02:16:55.571367Z"},{"id":153444,"citation":"Ashton, R. E., Jr., and P. S. Ashton. 1985. Handbook of reptiles and amphibians of Florida. Part two. Lizards, turtles & crocodilians. Windward Pub., Inc., Miami. 191 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Ashton and Ashton","shortCitationYear":1985,"referenceCode":"B85ASH01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T14:38:20.126743Z"},{"id":153750,"citation":"Ashton, R. E., Jr., and P. S. Ashton. 1991. Handbook of reptiles and amphibians of Florida. Part two. Lizards, turtles & crocodilians. Revised second edition. Windward Pub., Inc., Miami. 191 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Ashton and Ashton","shortCitationYear":1991,"referenceCode":"B91ASH01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:12:25.069898Z"},{"id":121080,"citation":"Bartlett, R. D., and P. P. Bartlett. 1999b. A field guide to Florida reptiles and amphibians. Gulf Publishing Company, Houston, Texas. xvi + 278 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Bartlett and Bartlett","shortCitationYear":1999,"referenceCode":"B99BAR02NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:11:58.710124Z"},{"id":137372,"citation":"Behler, J. L., and F. W. King. 1979. The Audubon Society field guide to North American reptiles and amphibians. Alfred A. Knopf, New York. 719 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Behler and King","shortCitationYear":1979,"referenceCode":"B79BEH01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T14:38:24.173666Z"},{"id":106990,"citation":"Burnell, K. L., and S. B. Hedges. 1990. Relationships of West Indian <i>Anolis </i>(Sauria: Iguanidae): an approach using slow-evolving protein loci. Caribbean J. Sci. 26:7-30.","shortCitationAuthor":"Burnell and Hedges","shortCitationYear":1990,"referenceCode":"A90BUR03NAUS","lastModified":"2020-11-11T02:01:48.480345Z"},{"id":1067020,"citation":"Campbell-Staton, S. C., R. M. Goodman, N. Backström, S. V. Edwards, J. B. Losos, and J. J. Kolbe. 2012. Out of Florida: mtDNA reveals patterns of migration and Pleistocene range expansion of the Green Anole lizard (<i>Anolis carolinensis</i>). Ecology and Evolution 2(9):2274-2284.","shortCitationAuthor":"Campbell-Staton et al.","shortCitationYear":2012,"referenceCode":"A12CAM01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-11-11T02:16:55.571367Z"},{"id":107379,"citation":"Cannatella, D. C., and K. de Queiroz. 1989. Phylogenetic systematics of the anoles: is a new taxonomy warranted? Syst. Zool. 38:57-69.","shortCitationAuthor":"Cannatella and de Queiroz","shortCitationYear":1989,"referenceCode":"A89CAN01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:12:08.788498Z"},{"id":1167976,"citation":"Cantino, P. D., and K. de Queiroz. 2020. International code of phylogenetic nomenclature (PhyloCode). CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida. 149 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Cantino and de Queiroz","shortCitationYear":2020,"referenceCode":"B20CAN01NAUS","lastModified":"2026-07-03T01:40:45.239603Z"},{"id":137880,"citation":"Collins, J. T. 1990. Standard common and current scientific names for North American amphibians and reptiles. 3rd ed. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles. Herpetological Circular No. 19. 41 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Collins","shortCitationYear":1990,"referenceCode":"B90COL01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T14:38:15.579798Z"},{"id":104608,"citation":"Conant, R. and J. T. Collins. 1991. A field guide to reptiles and amphibians: eastern and central North America. Third edition. Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston, Massachusetts. 450 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Conant and Collins","shortCitationYear":1991,"referenceCode":"B91CON01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:11:51.303794Z"},{"id":140525,"citation":"Conant, R., and J. T. Collins. 1998. A field guide to reptiles and amphibians: eastern and central North America. Third edition, expanded. Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston, Massachusetts. 616 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Conant and Collins","shortCitationYear":1998,"referenceCode":"B98CON01EHUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:11:57.819328Z"},{"id":621810,"citation":"Crother, B. I. (editor). 2008. Scientific and standard English names of amphibians and reptiles of North America north of Mexico, with comments regarding confidence in our understanding. Sixth edition. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles Herpetological Circular 37:1-84. Online with updates at: http://www.ssarherps.org/pages/comm_names/Index.php","shortCitationAuthor":"Crother","shortCitationYear":2008,"referenceCode":"B08CRO01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T14:38:20.142383Z"},{"id":722484,"citation":"Crother, B. I. (editor). 2012. Scientific and standard English names of amphibians and reptiles of North America north of Mexico, with comments regarding confidence in our understanding. 7th edition. SSAR Herpetological Circular 39:1-92.","shortCitationAuthor":"Crother","shortCitationYear":2012,"referenceCode":"B12CRO01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:11:51.08501Z"},{"id":943912,"citation":"Crother, B. I. (editor). 2017. Scientific and standard English names of amphibians and reptiles of North America north of Mexico, with comments regarding confidence in our understanding. 8th edition. SSAR Herpetological Circular 43:1-104. [Updates in SSAR North American Species Names Database at: https://ssarherps.org/cndb]","shortCitationAuthor":"Crother","shortCitationYear":2017,"referenceCode":"B17CRO01EHUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:11:53.413199Z"},{"id":155913,"citation":"Eaton, J. M., K. G. Howard, and R. Powell. 2001. Geographic distribution. Anolis carolinensis. Herpetological Review 32:118.","shortCitationAuthor":"Eaton et al.","shortCitationYear":2001,"referenceCode":"A01EAT01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:26:40.30526Z"},{"id":106832,"citation":"Fitch, H. S. 1970. Reproductive cycles of lizards and snakes. Univ. Kansas Museum Natural History Miscellaneous Publication 52:1-247.","shortCitationAuthor":"Fitch","shortCitationYear":1970,"referenceCode":"B70FIT01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:11:58.69455Z"},{"id":140301,"citation":"Guyer, C., and J. M. Savage. 1986. Cladistic relationships among anoles (Sauria: Iguanidae). Systematic Zoology 35:509-531.","shortCitationAuthor":"Guyer and Savage","shortCitationYear":1986,"referenceCode":"A86GUY01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:12:08.772612Z"},{"id":115954,"citation":"Guyer, C., and J. M. Savage. 1992. Anole systematics revisited. Syst. Biol. 41:89-110.","shortCitationAuthor":"Guyer and Savage","shortCitationYear":1992,"referenceCode":"A92GUY01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:12:08.788498Z"},{"id":134622,"citation":"Jackman, T. R., A. Larson, K. de Queiroz, and J. B. Losos. 1999. Phylogenetic relationships and tempo of early diversification in <i>Anolis </i>lizards. Systematic Biology 48:254-285.","shortCitationAuthor":"Jackman et al.","shortCitationYear":1999,"referenceCode":"A99JAC01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-11-11T02:01:48.480345Z"},{"id":155523,"citation":"King, F. W. 1966. Competition between two south Florida lizards of the genus Anolis. Ph.D. thesis, Univ. Miami. 97 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"King","shortCitationYear":1966,"referenceCode":"B66KIN01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:12:08.772612Z"},{"id":1067022,"citation":"Manthey, J. D., M. Tollis, A. R. Lemmon, E. Moriarty Lemmon, and S. Boissinot. 2016. Diversification in wild populations of the model organism <i>Anolis carolinensis</i>: A genome-wide phylogeographic investigation. Ecology and Evolution 6(22):8115-8125.","shortCitationAuthor":"Manthey et al.","shortCitationYear":2016,"referenceCode":"A16MAN01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-11-11T02:16:55.571367Z"},{"id":134988,"citation":"McCoid, M. J. 1993. The \"new\" herpetofauna of Guam, Mariana Islands. Herpetol. Rev. 24:16-17.","shortCitationAuthor":"McCoid","shortCitationYear":1993,"referenceCode":"A93MCC03NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:17:25.964887Z"},{"id":109141,"citation":"McCoid, M. J. 1994. Eggs, hatchling sizes, and oviposition sites of lizards on Guam, Mariana Islands. Herpetol. Rev. 25:98-100.","shortCitationAuthor":"McCoid","shortCitationYear":1994,"referenceCode":"A94MCC04NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:15:33.010098Z"},{"id":119020,"citation":"McKeown, S. 1996. A field guide to reptiles and amphibians in the Hawaiian Islands. Diamond Head Publishing. Los Osos, California.","shortCitationAuthor":"McKeown","shortCitationYear":1996,"referenceCode":"B96MCK01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:11:57.819328Z"},{"id":120174,"citation":"Mount, R. H. 1975. The reptiles and amphibians of Alabama. Auburn University Agricultural Experiment Station, Auburn, Alabama. vii + 347 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Mount","shortCitationYear":1975,"referenceCode":"B75MOU01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:11:56.616394Z"},{"id":1066867,"citation":"Nicholson, K. E., B. I. Crother, C. Guyer, and J. M. Savage. 2012. It is time for a new classification of anoles (Squamata: Dactyloidae). Zootaxa 3477(1):1-108.","shortCitationAuthor":"Nicholson et al.","shortCitationYear":2012,"referenceCode":"A12NIC01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-11-11T02:16:55.571367Z"},{"id":1167977,"citation":"Nicholson, K. E., B. I. Crother, C. Guyer, and J. M. Savage. 2018. Translating a clade based classification into one that is valid under the international code of zoological nomenclature: the case of the lizards of the family Dactyloidae (Order Squamata). Zootaxa 4461(4):573-586.","shortCitationAuthor":"Nicholson et al.","shortCitationYear":2018,"referenceCode":"A18NIC01NAUS","lastModified":"2026-07-03T01:40:45.236613Z"},{"id":1153425,"citation":"Nicholson, K. E. (ed.). 2025. Scientific and Standard English Names of Amphibians and Reptiles of North America North of Mexico, with Comments Regarding Confidence in Our Understanding. Ninth Edition. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles. 87 pp. Online database available at: https://cnah.org/SSARnames.aspx","shortCitationAuthor":"Nicholson","shortCitationYear":2025,"referenceCode":"B25NIC01NAUS","lastModified":"2026-06-06T01:36:32.018241Z"},{"id":152359,"citation":"Palmer, W. M., and A. L. Braswell. 1995. Reptiles of North Carolina. North Carolina State Museum of Natural Sciences, University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.","shortCitationAuthor":"Palmer and Braswell","shortCitationYear":1995,"referenceCode":"B95PAL01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:12:15.475829Z"},{"id":1066869,"citation":"Poe, S., A. Nieto-montes de Oca, O. Torres-carvajal, K. De Queiroz, J. A. Velasco, B. Truett, L. N. Gray, M. J. Ryan, G. Köhler, F. Ayala-varela, and I. Latella. 2017. A phylogenetic, biogeographic, and taxonomic study of all extant species of <i>Anolis </i>(Squamata; Iguanidae). Systematic Biology 66:663–697.","shortCitationAuthor":"Poe et al.","shortCitationYear":2017,"referenceCode":"A17POE01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-11-11T02:01:48.480345Z"},{"id":1066870,"citation":"Poe, S., A. Nieto-Montes de Oca, O. Torres-Carvajal, K. de Queiroz, J. A. Velasco, B. Truett, L. N. Gray, M. J. Ryan, G. Köhler, F. Ayala-Varela, and I. Latella. 2018. Comparative evolution of an archetypal adaptive radiation: innovation and opportunity in <i>Anolis </i>lizards. The American Naturalist 191(6):185-194.","shortCitationAuthor":"Poe et al.","shortCitationYear":2018,"referenceCode":"A18POE01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-11-11T02:01:48.480345Z"},{"id":157182,"citation":"Powell, R. 2002. Geographic distribution: <i>Anolis carolinensis</i>. Herpetological Review 33:321.","shortCitationAuthor":"Powell","shortCitationYear":2002,"referenceCode":"A02POW01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:26:40.322777Z"},{"id":1066871,"citation":"Román-Palacios, C., J. Tavera, and M. del Rosario Castañeda. 2018. When did anoles diverge? An analysis of multiple dating strategies. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 127:655-668.","shortCitationAuthor":"Román-Palacios et al.","shortCitationYear":2018,"referenceCode":"A18ROM01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-11-11T02:01:48.480345Z"},{"id":138987,"citation":"Ruby, D. E. 1984. Male breeding success and differential access to females in <i>Anolis carolinensis</i>. Herpetologica 40:272-280.","shortCitationAuthor":"Ruby","shortCitationYear":1984,"referenceCode":"A84RUB02NAUS","lastModified":"2026-07-03T02:11:43.349446Z"},{"id":155580,"citation":"Schwartz, A., and R. W. Henderson. 1988. West Indian amphibians and reptiles: a check-list. Milwaukee Pub. Mus., Contrib. Biological Geology No. 74:1-264.","shortCitationAuthor":"Schwartz and Henderson","shortCitationYear":1988,"referenceCode":"B88SCH01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:11:57.819328Z"},{"id":1067021,"citation":"Tollis, M., and S. Boissinot. 2014. Genetic variation in the green anole lizard (<i>Anolis carolinensis</i>) reveals island refugia and a fragmented Florida during the quaternary. Genetica 142(1):59-72.","shortCitationAuthor":"Tollis and Boissinot","shortCitationYear":2014,"referenceCode":"A14TOL01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-11-11T02:16:55.571367Z"},{"id":1067019,"citation":"Tollis, M., G. Ausubel, D. Ghimire, and S. Boissinot. 2012. Multi-locus phylogeographic and population genetic analysis of <i>Anolis carolinensis</i>: historical demography of a genomic model species. PLoS One 7(6):e38474.","shortCitationAuthor":"Tollis et al.","shortCitationYear":2012,"referenceCode":"A12TOL01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-11-11T02:16:55.571367Z"},{"id":272848,"citation":"Trauth, S. E., H. W. Robison, and M. V. Plummer. 2004. The amphibians and reptiles of Arkansas. University of Arkansas Press.","shortCitationAuthor":"Trauth et al.","shortCitationYear":2004,"referenceCode":"B04TRA01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:11:58.163079Z"},{"id":752558,"citation":"Vance, T. 1991. Morphological variation and systematics of the green anole, <i>Anolis carolinensis</i> (Reptilia: Iguanidae). Bulletin of the Maryland Herpetological Society 27(2):43-89.","shortCitationAuthor":"Vance","shortCitationYear":1991,"referenceCode":"A91VAN01EHUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:26:40.30526Z"},{"id":149989,"citation":"Vogt, S. R., E. W. Campbell, R. Reed, and G. H. Rodda. 2001. New lizard records from the Mariana Islands. Herpetological Review 32:127-128.","shortCitationAuthor":"Vogt et al.","shortCitationYear":2001,"referenceCode":"A01VOG01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:15:33.010098Z"},{"id":154026,"citation":"Wiles, G. J., and J. P. Guerrero. 1996. Relative abundance of lizards and marine toads on Saipan, Mariana Islands. Pacific Science 50(3):274-284.","shortCitationAuthor":"Wiles and Guerrero","shortCitationYear":1996,"referenceCode":"A96WIL01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:15:33.010098Z"},{"id":1066868,"citation":"Williams, E. E. 1976. West Indian anoles: a taxonomic and evolutionary summary 1. Introduction and a species list. Breviora, Museum of Comparative Zoology 440:1-21.","shortCitationAuthor":"Williams","shortCitationYear":1976,"referenceCode":"A76WIL05NAUS","lastModified":"2020-11-11T02:01:48.480345Z"},{"id":103378,"citation":"Williams, E. E. 1989b. A critique of Guyer and Savage (1986): cladistic relationships among anoles (Sauria: Iguanidae): are the data available to reclassify the anoles? Pages 433-478 in C. A. Woods, ed. Biogeography of the West Indies, Sandhill Crane Press, Gainesville, Florida.","shortCitationAuthor":"Williams","shortCitationYear":1989,"referenceCode":"A89WIL04NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:12:08.772612Z"}],"otherCommonNames":[{"id":144222,"name":"green anole","language":"EN"}],"speciesGlobal":{"elementGlobalId":106150,"cites":null,"cosewic":null,"fwsRegion":null,"genusSize":{"id":4,"genusSizeDescEn":"Medium to large genus","genusSizeDescEs":"Género de mediano a grande","genusSizeDescFr":"Moyen à grand genre"},"jurisEndem":{"id":3,"jurisEndemDescEn":"endemic to a single nation","jurisEndemDescEs":"Endémico de una nación","jurisEndemDescFr":"Endémique à une nation"},"nomenclaturallyEst":null,"usesa":null,"informalTaxonomy":{"informalTaxonomyId":7,"level1":"Animals","level2":"Vertebrates","level3":"Reptiles","level":3,"hasChildren":false,"parentId":2,"distributionStatus":"complete","displayOrder":1100},"parentSpecies":null,"infraspecies":false,"kingdom":"Animalia","phylum":"Craniata","taxclass":"Reptilia","taxorder":"Squamata","family":"Polychrotidae","genus":"Anolis","americanFisheriesStatus":null,"americanFisheriesStatusDate":null,"saraStatus":null,"saraStatusDate":null,"cosewicDate":null,"interpretedCosewic":null,"cosewicComments":null,"usesaDate":null,"interpretedUsesa":null,"usesaComments":null,"completeDistribution":true,"synonyms":[],"infraspeciesList":[{"infraspeciesId":106367,"uniqueId":"ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.106367","formattedScientificName":"<i>Anolis carolinensis carolinensis</i>","scientificName":"Anolis carolinensis carolinensis","primaryCommonName":"Northern Green Anole","nsxUrl":null},{"infraspeciesId":902464,"uniqueId":"ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.902464","formattedScientificName":"<i>Anolis carolinensis seminolus</i>","scientificName":"Anolis carolinensis seminolus","primaryCommonName":"Southern Green Anole","nsxUrl":null}],"ebarId":null,"ebarCanadianScope":false,"ebarGlobalScope":false,"ebarKbaGroup":"Amphibians and Reptiles","caGeneralStatusId":null},"speciesCharacteristics":{"elementGlobalId":106150,"reproductionComments":"Courtship has been observed late March-early August in Louisiana (Ruby 1984). Lays single egg at intervals of about 3 weeks (small females) or 5-14 days (large females) (Andrews 1985); April-September. Eggs hatch in 5-7 weeks. Sexually mature in first year (Fitch 1970). See Michaud and Echternacht (1995, J. Herpetol. 29:86-97) for information on geographic variation in some reproductive characteristics.","ecologyComments":"Population density was estimated at 3906/ha and 280/ha in two areas in Florida without and with syntopic A. DISTICHUS (King 1966).","habitatComments":"This mostly arboreal lizard occupies a wide variety of habitats, including upland forests, pine-palmetto scrublands, rocky escarpments, swamps, wooded parks, cleared fields, maritime scrub, and residential lots of coastal towns (Palmer and Braswell 1995, Bartlett and Bartlett 1999, Trauth et al. 2004); commonly it is in edge situations. It climbs on tree trunks, shrubs, vines, and various other plants, and also on fence posts and walls of buildings. It sleeps in vegetation at night. In cold weather, green anoles seek cover but do not go deep underground (Mount 1975). Eggs are buried in moist soil, sphagnum, leaf litter, rotting wood, or under rocks and debris.","generalDescription":"See Jenssen et al. (1995, Herpetologica 51:401-411) for detailed information on morphological characteristics of a population in South Carolina.","diagnosticCharacteristics":null,"speciesMarineHabitats":[],"speciesTerrestrialHabitats":[{"cagTerrHabId":-109647,"terrestrialHabitat":{"id":1,"terrestrialHabitatDescEn":"Forest - Hardwood","terrestrialHabitatDescEs":"Bosque - Madera dura","terrestrialHabitatDescFr":"Forêt — Feuillu","displayOrder":2}},{"cagTerrHabId":-109648,"terrestrialHabitat":{"id":2,"terrestrialHabitatDescEn":"Forest - Conifer","terrestrialHabitatDescEs":"Bosque - Conífera","terrestrialHabitatDescFr":"Forêt — Résineux","displayOrder":3}},{"cagTerrHabId":-109649,"terrestrialHabitat":{"id":3,"terrestrialHabitatDescEn":"Forest - Mixed","terrestrialHabitatDescEs":"Bosque - Mixto","terrestrialHabitatDescFr":"Forêt — Mixte","displayOrder":4}},{"cagTerrHabId":-109650,"terrestrialHabitat":{"id":4,"terrestrialHabitatDescEn":"Woodland - Hardwood","terrestrialHabitatDescEs":"Lote de madera - Madera dura","terrestrialHabitatDescFr":"Terrain boisé — Feuillu","displayOrder":6}},{"cagTerrHabId":-109651,"terrestrialHabitat":{"id":5,"terrestrialHabitatDescEn":"Woodland - Conifer","terrestrialHabitatDescEs":"Lote de madera - Conífera","terrestrialHabitatDescFr":"Terrain boisé — Résineux","displayOrder":7}},{"cagTerrHabId":-109652,"terrestrialHabitat":{"id":6,"terrestrialHabitatDescEn":"Woodland - Mixed","terrestrialHabitatDescEs":"Lote de madera - Mixto","terrestrialHabitatDescFr":"Terrain boisé — Mixte","displayOrder":8}},{"cagTerrHabId":-109653,"terrestrialHabitat":{"id":20,"terrestrialHabitatDescEn":"Suburban/orchard","terrestrialHabitatDescEs":"Suburbano/ huertos","terrestrialHabitatDescFr":"Banlieusard/verger","displayOrder":23}}],"speciesRiverineHabitats":[],"speciesPalustrineHabitats":[{"cagPalusHabId":-102721,"palustrineHabitat":{"id":4,"palustrineHabitatDescEn":"FORESTED WETLAND","palustrineHabitatDescEs":"HUMEDAL BOSCOSO","palustrineHabitatDescFr":"TERRE HUMIDE FORESTIÈRE","displayOrder":4}},{"cagPalusHabId":-102722,"palustrineHabitat":{"id":6,"palustrineHabitatDescEn":"Riparian","palustrineHabitatDescEs":"Ribereño","palustrineHabitatDescFr":"Riverain","displayOrder":6}}],"speciesLacustrineHabitats":[],"speciesSubterraneanHabitats":[],"speciesEstuarineHabitats":[]},"primaryReference":{"id":1153425,"citation":"Nicholson, K. E. (ed.). 2025. Scientific and Standard English Names of Amphibians and Reptiles of North America North of Mexico, with Comments Regarding Confidence in Our Understanding. Ninth Edition. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles. 87 pp. Online database available at: https://cnah.org/SSARnames.aspx","shortCitationAuthor":"Nicholson","shortCitationYear":2025,"referenceCode":"B25NIC01NAUS","lastModified":"2026-06-06T01:36:32.018241Z"},"predecessors":[{"predecessorId":109926,"elCode":"ARACF01011","name":"Anolis carolinensis carolinensis","formattedName":"<i>Anolis carolinensis carolinensis</i>","classficationCode":null,"uniqueId":"ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.106367","lineageDate":null,"nsxUrl":null},{"predecessorId":117583,"elCode":"ARACF01012","name":"Anolis carolinensis seminolus","formattedName":"<i>Anolis carolinensis seminolus</i>","classficationCode":null,"uniqueId":"ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.902464","lineageDate":null,"nsxUrl":null}],"elementGlobalThreatAssessments":[{"elementGlobalThreatAssessId":15461,"iucnThreatCategory":{"id":32,"iucnThreatCategoryCd":"8","iucnThreatCategoryDescEn":"Invasive & other problematic species,  genes & diseases","iucnThreatCategoryDescEs":null,"iucnThreatCategoryDescFr":null,"displayValueEn":"8 - Invasive & other problematic species,  genes & diseases","displayValueEs":null,"displayValueFr":null,"displayOrder":590,"iucnThreat":"Y","parentThreatId":null,"iucnThreatLevel":1},"iucnThreatScope":null,"iucnThreatSeverity":null,"iucnThreatTiming":{"id":1,"iucnThreatTimingDescEn":"High: Continuing","iucnThreatTimingDescEs":null,"iucnThreatTimingDescFr":null,"displayValueEn":"High (continuing)","displayValueEs":null,"displayValueFr":null,"displayOrder":1},"threatImpactCalc":null},{"elementGlobalThreatAssessId":15462,"iucnThreatCategory":{"id":33,"iucnThreatCategoryCd":"8.1","iucnThreatCategoryDescEn":"Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases","iucnThreatCategoryDescEs":null,"iucnThreatCategoryDescFr":null,"displayValueEn":"8.1 - Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases","displayValueEs":null,"displayValueFr":null,"displayOrder":600,"iucnThreat":"Y","parentThreatId":32,"iucnThreatLevel":2},"iucnThreatScope":null,"iucnThreatSeverity":null,"iucnThreatTiming":{"id":1,"iucnThreatTimingDescEn":"High: Continuing","iucnThreatTimingDescEs":null,"iucnThreatTimingDescFr":null,"displayValueEn":"High (continuing)","displayValueEs":null,"displayValueFr":null,"displayOrder":1},"threatImpactCalc":null}]}