{"elementGlobalId":105688,"circumscripConfidence":{"id":1,"circumscripConfidenceDescEn":"1 - Strong","circumscripConfidenceDescEs":"1 - Fuerte","circumscripConfidenceDescFr":"1 – Forte"},"classificationLevel":{"id":7,"classificationLevelNameEn":"Species","classificationLevelNameEs":"Especies","classificationLevelNameFr":"Espèce"},"classificationStatus":{"id":1,"classificationStatusDescEn":"Standard","classificationStatusDescEs":"Estándar","classificationStatusDescFr":"Standard"},"iucn":{"id":11,"iucnDescEn":"Least concern","iucnDescEs":"Menos preocupante","iucnDescFr":"Moins préoccupante","iucnCode":"LC"},"nameCategory":{"id":1,"nameCategoryDescEn":"Vertebrate Animal","nameCategoryDescEs":"Animal vertebrado","nameCategoryDescFr":"Animal vertébré","nameTypeCd":"A","nameTypeDesc":"Zoological"},"rankMethodUsed":null,"formattedScientificName":"<i>Rena humilis</i>","scientificName":"Rena humilis","scientificNameAuthor":"Baird and Girard, 1853","primaryCommonName":"Western Threadsnake","relatedItisNames":"<i>Leptotyphlops humilis</i> (Baird and Girard, 1853) (TSN 174337)","uniqueId":"ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.105688","elcode":"ARADD01020","conceptRefFullCitation":"Collins, J. T. 1990. Standard common and current scientific names for North American amphibians and reptiles. 3rd ed. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles. Herpetological Circular No. 19. 41 pp.","conceptName":"<i>Leptotyphlops humilis</i>","taxonomicComments":"This species formerly was included in the genus <i>Leptotyphlops</i>. Adalsteinsson et al. (2009) examined DNA sequences (from nine mitochondrial and nuclear genes) of 91 individuals representing 34 recognized species of the famikly Leptotyphlopidae. Based on these analyses, they presented a revised classification of the family. The leptotyphlopid species occurring in North America north of Mexico (<i>dissecta</i>, <i>dulcis</i>, <i>humilis</i>) were removed from the genus <i>Leptotyphlops </i>and placed in the genus <i>Rena</i>, the range of which extends southward through Middle and South America to Uruguay and Argentina.","roundedGRank":"G5","conservationStatusFactorsEditionDate":"2006-08-28","conservationStatusFactorsEditionAuthors":"Hammerson, G.","primaryCommonNameLanguage":"EN","recordType":"SPECIES","elementNationals":[{"elementNationalId":165640,"classifConfidence":null,"nation":{"id":225,"nameEn":"United States","nameEs":"Estados Unidos","nameFr":"États-Unis","isoCode":"US","region":"United 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Navajo","subnationCode":"NN","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S3","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S3","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":270181,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":332179,"subnation":{"id":6,"nameEn":"Arizona","nameEs":"Arizona","nameFr":"Arizona","subnationCode":"AZ","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":332179,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":319737,"subnation":{"id":7,"nameEn":"California","nameEs":"California","nameFr":"Californie","subnationCode":"CA","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"SNR","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"SNR","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":319737,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}}],"nrankReviewYear":1996,"nrank":"N5","speciesNational":{"elementNationalId":165640,"exotic":false,"native":true}}],"lastModified":"2026-10-02T21:46:53.536071Z","lastPublished":"2026-10-02T21:32:08.892226Z","promotionalDescription":null,"conceptLineageSummary":null,"nsxUrl":"/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.105688/Rena_humilis","grankAdjustmentReasons":null,"grankChangeDate":"1996-10-31","grankReviewDate":"2006-08-28","grankReasons":null,"grank":"G5","rankInfo":{"elementGlobalId":105688,"aooPercentGood":null,"enviromentalSpecificity":null,"intrinsicVulnerability":null,"longTermTrend":{"id":38,"longTermTrendDescEn":"Decline of <30% to increase of 25%","longTermTrendDescEs":"Disminución de <30% a aumento de 25%.","longTermTrendDescFr":"Diminution de <30 % à augmentation de 25 %"},"numberEos":{"id":14,"numberEosDescEn":"81 to >300","numberEosDescEs":"De 81 a >300","numberEosDescFr":"De 81 à >300"},"numberGoodEos":null,"numberProtEos":{"id":10,"numberProtEosDescEn":"Several (4-12) occurrences appropriately protected and managed","numberProtEosDescEs":"Unos pocos casos (4 a 12) protegidos y debidamente controlados","numberProtEosDescFr":"Quelques occurrences (de 4 à 12) protégées et contrôlées convenablement"},"popSize":{"id":35,"popSizeDescEn":"100,000 to >1,000,000 individuals","popSizeDescEs":"De 100.000 a >1.000.000 de individuos","popSizeDescFr":"De 100 000 à >1 000 000 individus"},"rangeExtent":{"id":33,"rangeExtentDescEn":"200,000-2,500,000 square km (about 80,000-1,000,000 square miles)","rangeExtentDescEs":"200.000 a 2.500.000 kilómetros cuadrados (aproximadamente 80.000 a 1.000.000 millas cuadradas)","rangeExtentDescFr":"De 200 000 à 2 500 000 km carrés (de 80 000 à 1 000 000 miles carrés approximativement)"},"shortTermTrend":{"id":40,"shortTermTrendDescEn":"Relatively Stable (<=10% change)","shortTermTrendDescEs":"Relativamente estable (variación = <10%)","shortTermTrendDescFr":"Relativement stable (variation = <10 %)"},"threatImpactAssigned":{"id":10,"threatImpactAssignedDescEn":"Low","threatImpactAssignedDescEs":"Bajo","threatImpactAssignedDescFr":"Faible"},"rangeExtentComments":"Range extends from southern California, southern Nevada, and southwestern Utah south through Arizona, southern New Mexico, and western Texas to southern Baja California (including several adjacent islands) and Colima (Mexico), at elevations from below sea level in desert sinks to around 1,520 meters (5,000 feet) (Degenhardt et al. 1996, Tennant 1998, Werler and Dixon 2000, Grismer 2002, Stebbins 2003).","areaOfOccupancy":null,"areaOfOccupancyComments":null,"numberEosComments":"This species is represented by a large number of occurrences (subpopulations). Werler and Dixon (2000) mapped about 50 collection sites in Texas. Degenhardt et al. (1996) mapped 16 collection sites in New Mexico. This snake is \"ubiquitous\" in Bja California (Grismer 2002).","popSizeComments":"Adult population size is unknown but probably exceeds 100,000. This snake is secretive and seldom seen by casual observers, but it is locally common in many areas (see Ernst and Ernst 2003).","viabilityComments":null,"threatImpactComments":"No major threats are known.","shortTermTrendComments":"Extent of occurrence, area of occupancy, number of subpopulations, and population size probably are relatively stable.","longTermTrendComments":null,"inventoryNeeds":null,"numberProtEosComments":"Several occurrences are in protected areas.","protectionNeeds":null,"otherConsiderations":null,"intrinsicVulnerabilityComments":null,"enviromentalSpecificityComments":null},"animalCharacteristics":{"elementGlobalId":105688,"majorHabitat":{"id":3,"majorHabitatDescEn":"Terrestrial","majorHabitatDescEs":"Terrestre","majorHabitatDescFr":"Terrestre"},"nonMigrant":true,"localMigrant":false,"longDistanceMigrant":false,"mobilityMigrationComments":null,"foodHabitsComments":"Eats small insects and their larvae and eggs (especially ants and termites), spiders, centipedes, and millipedes (Stebbins 1985).","animalPhenologyComments":"Active on surface at night, especially after warm season rains.","colonialBreeder":false,"length":41,"width":null,"weight":null,"animalPhenologies":[{"animalCagPhenologyId":102195,"animalPhenology":{"id":4,"animalPhenologyDescEn":"Nocturnal","animalPhenologyDescEs":"Nocturno","animalPhenologyDescFr":"Nocturne","displayOrder":4},"adult":true,"immature":true}],"animalFoodHabits":[{"animalCagFoodHabitsId":104107,"foodHabits":{"id":3,"foodHabitsDescEn":"Invertivore","foodHabitsDescEs":"Invertívoro","foodHabitsDescFr":"Invertivore","displayOrder":3},"adult":true,"immature":true}]},"occurrenceDelineations":[{"eoSpecsDetailId":1236,"locationUseClass":{"id":1,"locationUseClassDescEn":"Not applicable","locationUseClassDescEs":"No se aplica","locationUseClassDescFr":"Sans objet","displayOrder":1},"eoSpecGroupName":"Threadsnakes and Blindsnakes","subtypes":null,"inferredExtentDistance":0.1,"inferredExtentNotes":null,"minimumEoCriteria":"Occurrences are based on evidence of historical presence, or current and likely recurring presence, at a given location. Such evidence minimally includes collection or reliable observation and documentation of one or more individuals (including eggs) in or near appropriate habitat where the species is presumed to be established and  breeding.","mappingGuidance":null,"separationBarriers":"Busy highway or highway with obstructions such that snakes rarely if ever cross successfully; major river, lake, pond, or deep marsh; densely urbanized area dominated by buildings and pavement.","separationDistanceUnsuitableHabitatat":1.0,"separationDistanceSuitableHabitatat":3.0,"altSeparationProcedure":null,"separationJustification":"No movement data are available, but these likely are among the most sedentary of all snakes. On the other hand, they do regularly roam unknown distances on the soil surface and commonly cross rural roads. Also, blind snakes sometimes are transported unknown distances by foraging screech owls; the snakes sometimes survive the journey and take up residence in owl nests (Gehlbach and Baldridge 1987). Despite the basically sedentary habits of these snakes, it seems unlikely that locations separated by a gap of less than a few kilometers of suitable habitat would represent independent occurrences over the long term.<br>","versionDate":"2004-09-10","versionAuthor":"Hammerson, G.","versionNotes":null,"lastModified":"2020-04-30T02:13:30.106165Z"}],"plantCharacteristics":null,"elementManagement":{"elementGlobalId":105688,"eoManagementGroupName":null,"stewardshipOverview":null,"impacts":null,"restorationPotential":null,"siteConservationPlansConsidered":null,"managementMethods":null,"monitoringMethods":null,"managementProgramContacts":null,"monitoringProgramContacts":null,"managementResearchPrograms":null,"managementResearchNeeds":null,"biologicalResearchNeeds":null,"additionalTopics":null},"occurrenceViabilities":[{"eoRankSpecsDetailId":107108,"eoRankSpecsGroupName":null,"locationUseClass":{"id":1,"locationUseClassDescEn":"Not applicable","locationUseClassDescEs":"No se aplica","locationUseClassDescFr":"Sans objet","displayOrder":1},"excellentViability":null,"goodViability":null,"fairViability":null,"poorViability":null,"viabilityJustification":"Use the Generic Guidelines for the Application of Occurrence Ranks (2008).<br>The Key for Ranking Species Occurrences Using the Generic Approach provides a step-wise process for implementing this method.","versionDate":null,"versionAuthor":null,"versionNotes":null,"lastModified":"2020-05-14T02:29:37.99707Z"}],"references":[{"id":662617,"citation":"Adalsteinsson, S. A., W. R. Branch, S. Trape, L. J. Vitt, and S. B. Hedges. 2009. Molecular phylogeny, classification, and biogeography of snakes of the family Leptotyphlopidae (Reptilia, Squamata). Zootaxa 2244:1-50.","shortCitationAuthor":"Adalsteinsson et al.","shortCitationYear":2009,"referenceCode":"A09ADA01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:17:52.481055Z"},{"id":137372,"citation":"Behler, J. L., and F. W. King. 1979. The Audubon Society field guide to North American reptiles and amphibians. Alfred A. Knopf, New York. 719 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Behler and King","shortCitationYear":1979,"referenceCode":"B79BEH01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T14:38:24.173666Z"},{"id":137880,"citation":"Collins, J. T. 1990. Standard common and current scientific names for North American amphibians and reptiles. 3rd ed. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles. Herpetological Circular No. 19. 41 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Collins","shortCitationYear":1990,"referenceCode":"B90COL01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T14:38:15.579798Z"},{"id":104608,"citation":"Conant, R. and J. T. Collins. 1991. A field guide to reptiles and amphibians: eastern and central North America. Third edition. Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston, Massachusetts. 450 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Conant and Collins","shortCitationYear":1991,"referenceCode":"B91CON01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:11:51.303794Z"},{"id":621810,"citation":"Crother, B. I. (editor). 2008. Scientific and standard English names of amphibians and reptiles of North America north of Mexico, with comments regarding confidence in our understanding. Sixth edition. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles Herpetological Circular 37:1-84. Online with updates at: http://www.ssarherps.org/pages/comm_names/Index.php","shortCitationAuthor":"Crother","shortCitationYear":2008,"referenceCode":"B08CRO01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T14:38:20.142383Z"},{"id":722484,"citation":"Crother, B. I. (editor). 2012. Scientific and standard English names of amphibians and reptiles of North America north of Mexico, with comments regarding confidence in our understanding. 7th edition. SSAR Herpetological Circular 39:1-92.","shortCitationAuthor":"Crother","shortCitationYear":2012,"referenceCode":"B12CRO01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:11:51.08501Z"},{"id":943912,"citation":"Crother, B. I. (editor). 2017. Scientific and standard English names of amphibians and reptiles of North America north of Mexico, with comments regarding confidence in our understanding. 8th edition. SSAR Herpetological Circular 43:1-104. [Updates in SSAR North American Species Names Database at: https://ssarherps.org/cndb]","shortCitationAuthor":"Crother","shortCitationYear":2017,"referenceCode":"B17CRO01EHUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:11:53.413199Z"},{"id":103692,"citation":"Degenhardt, W. G., C. W. Painter, and A. H. Price. 1996. Amphibians and reptiles of New Mexico. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque. xix + 431 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Degenhardt et al.","shortCitationYear":1996,"referenceCode":"B96DEG01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:11:51.303794Z"},{"id":169022,"citation":"Ernst, C. H., and E. M. Ernst. 2003. Snakes of the United States and Canada. Smithsonian Books, Washington, D.C.","shortCitationAuthor":"Ernst and Ernst","shortCitationYear":2003,"referenceCode":"B03ERN01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:11:51.08501Z"},{"id":463781,"citation":"Grismer, L. L. 2002. Amphibians and reptiles of Baja California including its Pacific islands and islands in the Sea of Cortes.  University of California Press, Berkeley. xiii + 399 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Grismer","shortCitationYear":2002,"referenceCode":"B02GRI01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:11:51.08501Z"},{"id":146006,"citation":"Hahn, D. E. 1979. Leptotyphlops humilis. Cat. Am. Amph. Rep. 232.1-232.4.","shortCitationAuthor":"Hahn","shortCitationYear":1979,"referenceCode":"A79HAH02NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:25:33.425403Z"},{"id":158368,"citation":"Slevin, J. R. 1950. A remarkable concentration of desert snakes. Herpetologica 6:12-13.","shortCitationAuthor":"Slevin","shortCitationYear":1950,"referenceCode":"A50SLE01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:25:33.425403Z"},{"id":144435,"citation":"Stebbins, R. C. 1985a. A field guide to western reptiles and amphibians. Second edition. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, Massachusetts. xiv + 336 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Stebbins","shortCitationYear":1985,"referenceCode":"B85STE01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:11:51.08501Z"},{"id":266629,"citation":"Stebbins, R. C. 2003. A field guide to western reptiles and amphibians. Third edition. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston.","shortCitationAuthor":"Stebbins","shortCitationYear":2003,"referenceCode":"B03STE01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:11:51.08501Z"},{"id":134086,"citation":"Tennant, A. 1984. The Snakes of Texas. Texas Monthly Press, Austin, Texas. 561 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Tennant","shortCitationYear":1984,"referenceCode":"B84TEN01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:11:51.303794Z"},{"id":130019,"citation":"Tennant, A. 1998. A field guide to Texas snakes. Second edition. Gulf Publishing Company, Houston, Texas.","shortCitationAuthor":"Tennant","shortCitationYear":1998,"referenceCode":"B98TEN01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:13:44.477187Z"},{"id":158367,"citation":"Turner, F. B., and R. H. Wauer. 1963. A survey of the herpetofauna of the Death Valley area. Great Basin Naturalist 23:199-18.","shortCitationAuthor":"Turner and Wauer","shortCitationYear":1963,"referenceCode":"A63TUR01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:25:33.441013Z"}],"otherCommonNames":[{"id":112321,"name":"Western Blind Snake","language":"EN"},{"id":145630,"name":"western threadsnake","language":"EN"}],"speciesGlobal":{"elementGlobalId":105688,"cites":null,"cosewic":null,"fwsRegion":null,"genusSize":{"id":3,"genusSizeDescEn":"Small genus","genusSizeDescEs":"Género pequeño","genusSizeDescFr":"Petit genre"},"jurisEndem":{"id":5,"jurisEndemDescEn":"occurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations","jurisEndemDescEs":"Se encuentra en varias naciones (de manera regular, como un taxón nativo)","jurisEndemDescFr":"Se trouve dans plusieurs nations (de façon régulière, tel un taxon indigène)"},"nomenclaturallyEst":null,"usesa":null,"informalTaxonomy":{"informalTaxonomyId":7,"level1":"Animals","level2":"Vertebrates","level3":"Reptiles","level":3,"hasChildren":false,"parentId":2,"distributionStatus":"complete","displayOrder":1100},"parentSpecies":null,"infraspecies":false,"kingdom":"Animalia","phylum":"Craniata","taxclass":"Reptilia","taxorder":"Squamata","family":"Leptotyphlopidae","genus":"Rena","americanFisheriesStatus":null,"americanFisheriesStatusDate":null,"saraStatus":null,"saraStatusDate":null,"cosewicDate":null,"interpretedCosewic":null,"cosewicComments":null,"usesaDate":null,"interpretedUsesa":null,"usesaComments":null,"completeDistribution":true,"synonyms":[{"id":115156,"synonym":"Leptotyphlops humilis","synonymAuthor":"(Baird and Girard, 1853)","formattedSynonym":"<i>Leptotyphlops humilis</i>"}],"infraspeciesList":[{"infraspeciesId":104013,"uniqueId":"ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.104013","formattedScientificName":"<i>Rena humilis cahuilae</i>","scientificName":"Rena humilis cahuilae","primaryCommonName":"Desert Threadsnake","nsxUrl":"/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.104013/Rena_humilis_cahuilae"},{"infraspeciesId":102536,"uniqueId":"ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.102536","formattedScientificName":"<i>Rena humilis humilis</i>","scientificName":"Rena humilis humilis","primaryCommonName":"Southwestern Threadsnake","nsxUrl":"/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.102536/Rena_humilis_humilis"},{"infraspeciesId":768290,"uniqueId":"ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.768290","formattedScientificName":"<i>Rena humilis utahensis</i>","scientificName":"Rena humilis utahensis","primaryCommonName":"Utah Threadsnake","nsxUrl":"/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.768290/Rena_humilis_utahensis"},{"infraspeciesId":103468,"uniqueId":"ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.103468","formattedScientificName":"<i>Rena humilis segrega</i>","scientificName":"Rena humilis segrega","primaryCommonName":"Trans-Pecos Threadsnake","nsxUrl":"/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.103468/Rena_humilis_segrega"}],"ebarId":null,"ebarCanadianScope":false,"ebarGlobalScope":false,"ebarKbaGroup":"Amphibians and Reptiles","caGeneralStatusId":null},"speciesCharacteristics":{"elementGlobalId":105688,"reproductionComments":"Lays clutch of 2-6 eggs, July-August (Stebbins 1985). Females may stay with eggs after hatching. May nest communally (Behler and King 1979).","ecologyComments":null,"habitatComments":"Habitats range from deserts and desert-grasslands to brush-covered mountain slopes, including rocky hillsides, canyon bottoms or washes near stream courses, riparian zones, areas near springs, sandy areas above ocean beaches, and sometimes gardens and farmland (Werler and Dixon 2000, Stebbins 2003). This secretive, fossorial snake sometimes can be found under rocks, wood, or debris, among plant roots, or in crevices, often in loose damp soil.","generalDescription":null,"diagnosticCharacteristics":null,"speciesMarineHabitats":[],"speciesTerrestrialHabitats":[{"cagTerrHabId":-108828,"terrestrialHabitat":{"id":6,"terrestrialHabitatDescEn":"Woodland - Mixed","terrestrialHabitatDescEs":"Lote de madera - Mixto","terrestrialHabitatDescFr":"Terrain boisé — Mixte","displayOrder":8}},{"cagTerrHabId":-108822,"terrestrialHabitat":{"id":7,"terrestrialHabitatDescEn":"Shrubland/chaparral","terrestrialHabitatDescEs":"Matorral/Chaparral","terrestrialHabitatDescFr":"Fruticée/Chaparral","displayOrder":9}},{"cagTerrHabId":-108823,"terrestrialHabitat":{"id":9,"terrestrialHabitatDescEn":"Grassland/herbaceous","terrestrialHabitatDescEs":"Pastizales/cobertura herbácea","terrestrialHabitatDescFr":"Prairie/couverture herbacée","displayOrder":11}},{"cagTerrHabId":-108824,"terrestrialHabitat":{"id":11,"terrestrialHabitatDescEn":"Desert","terrestrialHabitatDescEs":"Desierto","terrestrialHabitatDescFr":"Désert","displayOrder":13}},{"cagTerrHabId":-108825,"terrestrialHabitat":{"id":16,"terrestrialHabitatDescEn":"Sand/dune","terrestrialHabitatDescEs":"Arena/duna","terrestrialHabitatDescFr":"Dune","displayOrder":18}},{"cagTerrHabId":-108826,"terrestrialHabitat":{"id":19,"terrestrialHabitatDescEn":"Cropland/hedgerow","terrestrialHabitatDescEs":"Tierras cultivadas/cerco vivo","terrestrialHabitatDescFr":"Terre cultivée/haie","displayOrder":22}},{"cagTerrHabId":-108827,"terrestrialHabitat":{"id":20,"terrestrialHabitatDescEn":"Suburban/orchard","terrestrialHabitatDescEs":"Suburbano/ huertos","terrestrialHabitatDescFr":"Banlieusard/verger","displayOrder":23}}],"speciesRiverineHabitats":[],"speciesPalustrineHabitats":[{"cagPalusHabId":-102449,"palustrineHabitat":{"id":6,"palustrineHabitatDescEn":"Riparian","palustrineHabitatDescEs":"Ribereño","palustrineHabitatDescFr":"Riverain","displayOrder":6}}],"speciesLacustrineHabitats":[],"speciesSubterraneanHabitats":[],"speciesEstuarineHabitats":[]},"primaryReference":{"id":943912,"citation":"Crother, B. I. (editor). 2017. Scientific and standard English names of amphibians and reptiles of North America north of Mexico, with comments regarding confidence in our understanding. 8th edition. SSAR Herpetological Circular 43:1-104. [Updates in SSAR North American Species Names Database at: https://ssarherps.org/cndb]","shortCitationAuthor":"Crother","shortCitationYear":2017,"referenceCode":"B17CRO01EHUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:11:53.413199Z"},"predecessors":[],"elementGlobalThreatAssessments":[]}