{"elementGlobalId":105183,"circumscripConfidence":{"id":1,"circumscripConfidenceDescEn":"1 - Strong","circumscripConfidenceDescEs":"1 - Fuerte","circumscripConfidenceDescFr":"1 – Forte"},"classificationLevel":{"id":7,"classificationLevelNameEn":"Species","classificationLevelNameEs":"Especies","classificationLevelNameFr":"Espèce"},"classificationStatus":{"id":1,"classificationStatusDescEn":"Standard","classificationStatusDescEs":"Estándar","classificationStatusDescFr":"Standard"},"iucn":{"id":11,"iucnDescEn":"Least concern","iucnDescEs":"Menos preocupante","iucnDescFr":"Moins préoccupante","iucnCode":"LC"},"nameCategory":{"id":1,"nameCategoryDescEn":"Vertebrate Animal","nameCategoryDescEs":"Animal vertebrado","nameCategoryDescFr":"Animal vertébré","nameTypeCd":"A","nameTypeDesc":"Zoological"},"rankMethodUsed":null,"formattedScientificName":"<i>Stenella longirostris</i>","scientificName":"Stenella longirostris","scientificNameAuthor":"(Gray, 1828)","primaryCommonName":"Spinner Dolphin","relatedItisNames":"<i>Stenella longirostris</i> (Gray, 1828) (TSN 180429)","uniqueId":"ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.105183","elcode":"AMAGE01030","conceptRefFullCitation":"Wilson, D. E., and D. M. Reeder (editors). 1993. Mammal species of the world: a taxonomic and geographic reference. Second edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC. xviii + 1206 pp. Available online at: http://www.nmnh.si.edu/msw/.","conceptName":"<i>Stenella longirostris</i>","taxonomicComments":"Three subspecies are recognized in Perrin (1998): the nominate <i>S. l. longirostris</i> in the tropical Atlantic, Indian and western, southern and central Pacific Ocean; and two in the eastern tropical Pacific: Central American spinner dolphin (<i>S. l. centroamericana</i>) and eastern spinner dolphin (<i>S. l. orientalis</i>).<br/><br/>A dwarf form (<i>S. l. roseiventris</i>) of this species occurs in shallow waters of inner Southeast Asia, including the Gulf of Thailand, Timor Sea, and Arafura Sea, and possibly also the Java Sea and other shallow waters throughout inner Indonesia and Malaysia (Perrin et al. 1999). Mead and Brownell (in Wilson and Reeder 2005) did not recognize this as a valid subspecies.<br/><br/>Another form (the \"Whitebelly Spinner\") is thought to be the result of intergradation between the two eastern Pacific forms and the pantropical S. l. <i>longirostris</i>. Perryman and Westlake (1998) identified another form (\"Tres Marias spinner dolphin\") along the edge of the continental shelf north of Cabo Corrientes, Mexico.","roundedGRank":"G5","conservationStatusFactorsEditionDate":"1996-11-15","conservationStatusFactorsEditionAuthors":"Hammerson, G., revised by S. Cannings","primaryCommonNameLanguage":"EN","recordType":"SPECIES","elementNationals":[{"elementNationalId":168859,"classifConfidence":null,"nation":{"id":225,"nameEn":"United States","nameEs":"Estados Unidos","nameFr":"États-Unis","isoCode":"US","region":"United States"},"roundedNRank":"NU","elementSubnationals":[{"elementSubnationalId":266801,"subnation":{"id":51,"nameEn":"Texas","nameEs":"Texas","nameFr":"Texas","subnationCode":"TX","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S1","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S1","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":266801,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":1351346,"subnation":{"id":38,"nameEn":"New Jersey","nameEs":"Nueva Jersey","nameFr":"New Jersey","subnationCode":"NJ","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"SNR","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"SNR","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":1351346,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":277769,"subnation":{"id":16,"nameEn":"Hawaii","nameEs":"Hawai","nameFr":"Hawaï","subnationCode":"HI","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"SNR","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"SNR","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":277769,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":364386,"subnation":{"id":34,"nameEn":"North Carolina","nameEs":"Carolina del Norte","nameFr":"Caroline du Nord","subnationCode":"NC","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"SNA","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"SNA","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":364386,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}}],"nrankReviewYear":1997,"nrank":"NU","speciesNational":{"elementNationalId":168859,"exotic":false,"native":true}}],"lastModified":"2026-10-02T21:45:47.3301Z","lastPublished":"2026-10-02T21:32:08.892226Z","promotionalDescription":null,"conceptLineageSummary":null,"nsxUrl":"/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.105183/Stenella_longirostris","grankAdjustmentReasons":null,"grankChangeDate":"1996-11-15","grankReviewDate":"1996-11-15","grankReasons":"Widespread and abundant. Populations in eastern Pacific have declined significantly in past 40 years, but decline may have stabilized recently; threatened by continuing mortality associated with commercial fishing, most notably tuna purse seines.","grank":"G5","rankInfo":{"elementGlobalId":105183,"aooPercentGood":null,"enviromentalSpecificity":null,"intrinsicVulnerability":null,"longTermTrend":null,"numberEos":null,"numberGoodEos":null,"numberProtEos":null,"popSize":{"id":33,"popSizeDescEn":"10,000 to >1,000,000 individuals","popSizeDescEs":"De 10.000 a >1.000.000 de individuos","popSizeDescFr":"De 10 000 à >1 000 000 individus"},"rangeExtent":{"id":35,"rangeExtentDescEn":">2,500,000 square km (greater than 1,000,000 square miles)","rangeExtentDescEs":">2.500.000 kilómetros cuadrados (más ","rangeExtentDescFr":">2 500 000 km carrés (plus de 1 000 000 miles carrés)"},"shortTermTrend":{"id":40,"shortTermTrendDescEn":"Relatively Stable (<=10% change)","shortTermTrendDescEs":"Relativamente estable (variación = <10%)","shortTermTrendDescFr":"Relativement stable (variation = <10 %)"},"threatImpactAssigned":null,"rangeExtentComments":"Tropical, subtropical, and, less often, warm temperate regions of Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian oceans (Leatherwood and Reeves 1983). Costa Rican spinner occurs primarily less than 80 km from shore along the western coast of Central America (7-18 degrees north latitude). Eastern spinner ranges from southwestern coast of Baja California south to the equator and offshore to about 145 degrees west longitude. Whitebelly spinner occupies much of the equatorial Pacific, well offshore, extending south to 20 degrees south latitude off western South America, north to 20 degrees north latitude west of Mexico, and west almost to the Hawaiian Islands. Eastern and whitebelly spinners overlap greatly in range. See Leatherwood and Reeves (1983) and IUCN (1991).","areaOfOccupancy":null,"areaOfOccupancyComments":null,"numberEosComments":null,"popSizeComments":"See TRENDCOM.","viabilityComments":null,"threatImpactComments":"See Trend.","shortTermTrendComments":"Significant declines in eastern Pacific populations occurred in the 1960s through the 1980s; trends uncertain since then (Perrin 1998). These declines the result of mortality associated with purse-seine tuna fishery; estimated kill in 1986 was 31,000 (IUCN 1991). These populations, which originally numbered in the millions, have been reduced to hundreds of thousands (e.g., declined from 1,000,000 in 1975 to around 300,000 in the early 1980s); despite some evidence of the beginning of a trend towards recovery in recent years (600,000 in mid-1980s), kill rates are high and efforts to reduce them have been less successful than previously thought (IUCN 1991). The northern whitebelly spinner stock (north of 1 degree south latitude) declined from about 1.25 million in 1976 to around 500,000 in the early 1980s, with possibly some increase since; southern whitebelly spinner stock (south of 1 degree south latutude) declined from perhaps 500,000 in the late 1970s to about 100,000 in the early 1980s and possibly may have recovered to around 250,000 by the mid-1980s (IUCN 1991). Elsewhere in the range, generally regarded as common, though information is needed regarding the status of a recently described form in the Gulf of Thailand.","longTermTrendComments":null,"inventoryNeeds":null,"numberProtEosComments":"See IUCN (1991) for a brief review of international and national protection regulations.","protectionNeeds":"Further action to reduce kills associated with purse-seine tuna fishery is urgently needed (IUCN 1991).","otherConsiderations":null,"intrinsicVulnerabilityComments":null,"enviromentalSpecificityComments":null},"animalCharacteristics":{"elementGlobalId":105183,"majorHabitat":{"id":1,"majorHabitatDescEn":"Marine","majorHabitatDescEs":"Marino","majorHabitatDescFr":"Marine"},"nonMigrant":false,"localMigrant":false,"longDistanceMigrant":false,"mobilityMigrationComments":null,"foodHabitsComments":"Diet in eastern tropical Pacific: small (<20 cm), mainly mesopelagic fishes, epipelagic and mesopelagic squid, and sergestid shrimps (Perrin 1998; Leatherwood and Reeves 1983). In Hawaii, feeds on scattering layer fishes, squid, shrimp (Norris and Dohl 1980).","animalPhenologyComments":"Daily cycle in Hawaii: nighttime feeding, morning approach to shore, morning-midday rest, travel to feeding areas at dusk (Norris and Dohl 1980).","colonialBreeder":false,"length":220,"width":null,"weight":78000,"animalPhenologies":[],"animalFoodHabits":[{"animalCagFoodHabitsId":104806,"foodHabits":{"id":2,"foodHabitsDescEn":"Piscivore","foodHabitsDescEs":"Piscivore","foodHabitsDescFr":"Piscivore","displayOrder":2},"adult":true,"immature":true},{"animalCagFoodHabitsId":104807,"foodHabits":{"id":3,"foodHabitsDescEn":"Invertivore","foodHabitsDescEs":"Invertívoro","foodHabitsDescFr":"Invertivore","displayOrder":3},"adult":true,"immature":true}]},"occurrenceDelineations":[{"eoSpecsDetailId":1070,"locationUseClass":{"id":1,"locationUseClassDescEn":"Not applicable","locationUseClassDescEs":"No se aplica","locationUseClassDescFr":"Sans objet","displayOrder":1},"eoSpecGroupName":"Dolphins and Porpoises","subtypes":null,"inferredExtentDistance":null,"inferredExtentNotes":null,"minimumEoCriteria":"A marine area that  is or has been occupied consistently or recurrently. Occurrences not based on the entire range of particular populations or subpopulations, but rather on distinct areas that are important to the survival of these populations.   Minimally, at least two and preferably several years of observation should be used to reliably identify significant, recurrent occurrences.","mappingGuidance":null,"separationBarriers":"Upland areas.","separationDistanceUnsuitableHabitatat":20.0,"separationDistanceSuitableHabitatat":20.0,"altSeparationProcedure":null,"separationJustification":"Separation Distance arbitrary.  In most cases, occurrences should not be extensive areas but rather portions of such areas that stand out as strongly meeting the occurrence criteria. <br> Available information on genetics, dispersion, and movement patterns of most populations generally is insufficient to determine biologically meaningful separation distances for occurrences. The separation distance used here does not attempt to identify biologically distinct populations but rather is an arbitrary value that attempts to identify relatively distinct geographic areas that have frequent or concentrated activity and that are of practical size. <br> Bottlenose Dolphins (TURSIOPS TRUNCATUS) that were resident in a South Carolina estuary had relatively small home ranges (mean  51.3 square kilometers, 95% adaptive kernel method; Gubbins 2002).","versionDate":"2002-03-06","versionAuthor":"Cannings, S.","versionNotes":"Contains all members of the families Delphinidae and Phocoenidae, except ORCINUS ORCA.","lastModified":"2020-04-30T02:04:20.034948Z"}],"plantCharacteristics":null,"elementManagement":{"elementGlobalId":105183,"eoManagementGroupName":null,"stewardshipOverview":null,"impacts":null,"restorationPotential":null,"siteConservationPlansConsidered":null,"managementMethods":null,"monitoringMethods":null,"managementProgramContacts":null,"monitoringProgramContacts":null,"managementResearchPrograms":null,"managementResearchNeeds":null,"biologicalResearchNeeds":null,"additionalTopics":null},"occurrenceViabilities":[{"eoRankSpecsDetailId":106617,"eoRankSpecsGroupName":null,"locationUseClass":{"id":1,"locationUseClassDescEn":"Not applicable","locationUseClassDescEs":"No se aplica","locationUseClassDescFr":"Sans objet","displayOrder":1},"excellentViability":null,"goodViability":null,"fairViability":null,"poorViability":null,"viabilityJustification":"Use the Generic Guidelines for the Application of Occurrence Ranks (2008).<br>The Key for Ranking Species Occurrences Using the Generic Approach provides a step-wise process for implementing this method.","versionDate":null,"versionAuthor":null,"versionNotes":null,"lastModified":"2020-05-14T02:28:23.464895Z"}],"references":[{"id":106159,"citation":"Allen, R. L. 1985. Dolphins and the purse-seine fishery for yellowfin tuna. Pages 236-252 in Beddington, J. R., et al., editors. Marine mammals and fisheries. George Allen &Unwin, London and Boston. xxi + 354 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Allen","shortCitationYear":1985,"referenceCode":"A85ALL01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:24:19.955554Z"},{"id":1151804,"citation":"American Society of Mammalogists (ASM). 2025. Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.13) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10595931. Online. Available: https://www.mammaldiversity.org/","shortCitationAuthor":"American Society of Mammalogists (ASM)","shortCitationYear":2025,"referenceCode":"W25ASM01NAUS","lastModified":"2025-04-04T21:45:15.526109Z"},{"id":759420,"citation":"Bradley, R.D., L.K. Ammerman, R.J. Baker, L.C. Bradley, J.A. Cook. R.C. Dowler, C. Jones, D.J. Schmidly, F.B. Stangl Jr., R.A. Van den Bussche and B. Würsig. 2014. Revised checklist of North American mammals north of Mexico, 2014. Museum of Texas Tech University Occasional Papers 327:1-28. Available at: http://www.nsrl.ttu.edu/publications/opapers/ops/OP327.pdf","shortCitationAuthor":"Bradley et al.","shortCitationYear":2014,"referenceCode":"A14BRA01NACA","lastModified":"2020-02-25T14:38:17.880059Z"},{"id":143418,"citation":"Chivers, S. J., and D. P. DeMaster. 1994. Evaluation of biological indices for three eastern Pacific dolphin species. Journal of Wildlife Management 58:470-478.","shortCitationAuthor":"Chivers and DeMaster","shortCitationYear":1994,"referenceCode":"A94CHI01NACA","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:24:19.955554Z"},{"id":139149,"citation":"Gubbins, C. 2002. Use of home ranges by resident bottlenose dolphins (<i>Tursiops truncatus</i>) in a South Carolina estuary. Journal of Mammalogy 83: 178-187.","shortCitationAuthor":"Gubbins","shortCitationYear":2002,"referenceCode":"A02GUB01NACA","lastModified":"2024-11-02T00:42:23.119711Z"},{"id":106833,"citation":"IUCN (World Conservation Union). 1991. Dolphins, Porpoises and Whales of the World: the IUCN Red Data Book. M. Klinowska (compiler). IUCN, Gland, Switzerland, and Cambridge, United Kingdom. viii + 429 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"IUCN (World Conservation Union)","shortCitationYear":1991,"referenceCode":"B91IUC01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T14:38:17.880059Z"},{"id":156383,"citation":"Jones, J. K., Jr., R. S. Hoffman, D. W. Rice, C. Jones, R. J. Baker, and M. D. Engstrom. 1992a. Revised checklist of North American mammals north of Mexico, 1991. Occasional Papers, The Museum, Texas Tech University, 146:1-23.","shortCitationAuthor":"Jones et al.","shortCitationYear":1992,"referenceCode":"B92JON01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T14:38:17.880059Z"},{"id":102124,"citation":"Leatherwood, S., and R. R. Reeves. 1983. The Sierra Club handbook of whales and dolphins. Sierra Club Books, San Francisco. 302 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Leatherwood and Reeves","shortCitationYear":1983,"referenceCode":"B83LEA01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T14:38:17.880059Z"},{"id":111805,"citation":"Norris, K. S., and T. P. Dohl. 1980. Behavior of the Hawaiian spinner dolphin, STENELLA LONGIROSTRIS. Fish. Bull. 77:821-849.","shortCitationAuthor":"Norris and Dohl","shortCitationYear":1980,"referenceCode":"A80NOR01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:24:19.955554Z"},{"id":158421,"citation":"Pacheco, V., H. de Macedo, E. Vivar, C. Ascorra, R. Arana-Cardó, and S. Solari. 1995. Lista anotada de los mamíferos peruanos. Conservation International, Washington, DC.","shortCitationAuthor":"Pacheco et al.","shortCitationYear":1995,"referenceCode":"N95PAC0100LA","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:12:30.726311Z"},{"id":102278,"citation":"Perrin, W. F. 1998. <i>Stenella longirostris</i>. Mammalian Species No. 599:1-7.","shortCitationAuthor":"Perrin","shortCitationYear":1998,"referenceCode":"A98PER01NACA","lastModified":"2024-07-06T01:32:38.86725Z"},{"id":118236,"citation":"Perrin, W. F., M.L.L. Dolar, and D. Robineau. 1999. Spinner dolphins (STENELLA LONGIROSTRIS) of the western Pacific and Southeast Asia: pelagic and shallow-water forms. Marine Mammal Science 15:1029-1053.","shortCitationAuthor":"Perrin et al.","shortCitationYear":1999,"referenceCode":"A99PER02NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:24:19.955554Z"},{"id":147239,"citation":"Perryman, W. L., and R. L. Westlake. 1998. A new geographic form of the spinner dolphin, STENELLA LONGIROSTRIS, detected with aerial photogrammetry. Marine Mammal Science 14:38-50.","shortCitationAuthor":"Perryman and Westlake","shortCitationYear":1998,"referenceCode":"A98PER01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:24:19.955554Z"},{"id":138742,"citation":"Rice, D. W. 1998. Marine mammals of the world: systematics and distribution. Society for Marine Mammalogy, Special Publication Number 4. ix + 231 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Rice","shortCitationYear":1998,"referenceCode":"B98RIC01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:12:01.866439Z"},{"id":158417,"citation":"Tirira, D. 1999. Mamíferos del Ecuador. Museo de Zoología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito.","shortCitationAuthor":"Tirira","shortCitationYear":1999,"referenceCode":"B99TIR0100LA","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:12:30.726311Z"},{"id":117022,"citation":"Wilson, D. E., and D. M. Reeder (editors). 1993. Mammal species of the world: a taxonomic and geographic reference. Second edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC. xviii + 1206 pp. Available online at: http://www.nmnh.si.edu/msw/.","shortCitationAuthor":"Wilson and Reeder","shortCitationYear":1993,"referenceCode":"B93WIL01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T14:38:17.880059Z"},{"id":477777,"citation":"Wilson, D. E., and D. M. Reeder (editors). 2005. Mammal species of the world: a taxonomic and geographic reference. Third edition. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore. Two volumes. 2,142 pp. [As modified by ASM the Mammal Diversity Database (MDD) at https://www.mammaldiversity.org/index.html]","shortCitationAuthor":"Wilson and Reeder","shortCitationYear":2005,"referenceCode":"B05WIL01NAUS","lastModified":"2022-07-02T00:44:59.638537Z"}],"otherCommonNames":[{"id":101971,"name":"Estenela Giradora","language":"ES"}],"speciesGlobal":{"elementGlobalId":105183,"cites":{"id":2,"citesDescEn":"Appendix II","citesDescEs":"Apéndice II","citesDescFr":"Annexe II"},"cosewic":null,"fwsRegion":null,"genusSize":{"id":3,"genusSizeDescEn":"Small genus","genusSizeDescEs":"Género pequeño","genusSizeDescFr":"Petit genre"},"jurisEndem":{"id":5,"jurisEndemDescEn":"occurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations","jurisEndemDescEs":"Se encuentra en varias naciones (de manera regular, como un taxón nativo)","jurisEndemDescFr":"Se trouve dans plusieurs nations (de façon régulière, tel un taxon indigène)"},"nomenclaturallyEst":null,"usesa":null,"informalTaxonomy":{"informalTaxonomyId":6,"level1":"Animals","level2":"Vertebrates","level3":"Mammals","level":3,"hasChildren":false,"parentId":2,"distributionStatus":"complete","displayOrder":1090},"parentSpecies":null,"infraspecies":false,"kingdom":"Animalia","phylum":"Craniata","taxclass":"Mammalia","taxorder":"Cetacea","family":"Delphinidae","genus":"Stenella","americanFisheriesStatus":null,"americanFisheriesStatusDate":null,"saraStatus":null,"saraStatusDate":null,"cosewicDate":null,"interpretedCosewic":null,"cosewicComments":null,"usesaDate":null,"interpretedUsesa":null,"usesaComments":null,"completeDistribution":true,"synonyms":[],"infraspeciesList":[],"ebarId":null,"ebarCanadianScope":false,"ebarGlobalScope":false,"ebarKbaGroup":"Mammals","caGeneralStatusId":null},"speciesCharacteristics":{"elementGlobalId":105183,"reproductionComments":"Gestation averages 10.6 months in Gulf of Mexico. Produces one young every 2-3 years (although pregnancy rate has declined in exploited populations (Chivers and DeMaster 1994, cited in Perrin 1998). Young are weaned at age >7 months, usually 1-2 years (Perrin 1998). Males are sexually mature at 10-12 years, females at 5.5 years (eastern Pacific) or 7-10 years (Gulf of Mexico).","ecologyComments":"Commonly in herds of up to 200, sometimes up to 1000+ (Leatherwood and Reeves 1983). Frequently associates with spotted dolphin in eastern Pacific and with other oceanic dolphin and small-medium whales elsewhere. In Hawaii, herds are fluid in size and composition.","habitatComments":"Primarily inhabiting pelagic inshore waters or banks, but may occur hundreds of kilometers from land in waters with specific characteristics of shallow mixed layer, shoal and sharp thermocline, and low annual variation in temperature (Perrin 1998). During daily rest period in Hawaii, occupies atoll lagoons or certain coves, or swims over shallow sandy areas (usually <50 m deep) (Norris and Dohl 1980).","generalDescription":null,"diagnosticCharacteristics":null,"speciesMarineHabitats":[{"cagMarineHabId":-100637,"marineHabitat":{"id":1,"marineHabitatDescEn":"Pelagic","marineHabitatDescEs":"Pelágico","marineHabitatDescFr":"Pélagique","displayOrder":1}},{"cagMarineHabId":-100638,"marineHabitat":{"id":3,"marineHabitatDescEn":"Near shore","marineHabitatDescEs":"Cercano a la costa","marineHabitatDescFr":"Côtier","displayOrder":3}}],"speciesTerrestrialHabitats":[],"speciesRiverineHabitats":[],"speciesPalustrineHabitats":[],"speciesLacustrineHabitats":[],"speciesSubterraneanHabitats":[],"speciesEstuarineHabitats":[]},"primaryReference":{"id":1151804,"citation":"American Society of Mammalogists (ASM). 2025. Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.13) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10595931. Online. 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