{"elementGlobalId":103815,"circumscripConfidence":{"id":1,"circumscripConfidenceDescEn":"1 - Strong","circumscripConfidenceDescEs":"1 - Fuerte","circumscripConfidenceDescFr":"1 – Forte"},"classificationLevel":{"id":7,"classificationLevelNameEn":"Species","classificationLevelNameEs":"Especies","classificationLevelNameFr":"Espèce"},"classificationStatus":{"id":1,"classificationStatusDescEn":"Standard","classificationStatusDescEs":"Estándar","classificationStatusDescFr":"Standard"},"iucn":{"id":11,"iucnDescEn":"Least concern","iucnDescEs":"Menos preocupante","iucnDescFr":"Moins préoccupante","iucnCode":"LC"},"nameCategory":{"id":1,"nameCategoryDescEn":"Vertebrate Animal","nameCategoryDescEs":"Animal vertebrado","nameCategoryDescFr":"Animal vertébré","nameTypeCd":"A","nameTypeDesc":"Zoological"},"rankMethodUsed":null,"formattedScientificName":"<i>Lithobates heckscheri</i>","scientificName":"Lithobates heckscheri","scientificNameAuthor":"(Wright, 1924)","primaryCommonName":"River Frog","relatedItisNames":"<i>Lithobates heckscheri</i> (Wright, 1924) (TSN 775092)","uniqueId":"ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.103815","elcode":"AAABH01120","conceptRefFullCitation":"Frost, D. R. 1985. Amphibian species of the world. A taxonomic and geographical reference. Allen Press, Inc., and The Association of  Systematics Collections, Lawrence, Kansas. v + 732 pp.","conceptName":"<i>Rana heckscheri</i>","taxonomicComments":"The generic taxonomy of American ranids is controversial, with three nomenclatural arrangements being consistent with current understandings of phylogeny: The single-genus arrangement of Yuan et al. (2016) which placed all Eurasian <i>Rana </i>and <i>Pseudorana </i>as well as all American ranids into <i>Rana</i>; the three-genus model of Che et al. (2007), largely in agreement with the earlier arrangement by Frost et al. (2006), which recognizes <i>Pseudorana</i> in Asia, <i>Rana </i>in Eurasia and western North America, and <i>Lithobates </i>in the Americas; and a seven-genus model of Dubois et al. (2021) which recognizes <i>Pseudorana</i>, <i>Rana</i>, and <i>Liuhurana </i>in Eurasia and <i>Amerana </i>(the Pacific Coast ranids of North America), <i>Aquarana </i>(for the bullfrogs and allies), <i>Boreorana </i>(a monotypic genus for Wood Frog, <i>L. sylvaticus</i>), and <i>Lithobates </i>(for the leopard frogs and allies). Here we follow Nicholson (2025) who defer from recognizing <i>Amerana</i>, <i>Aquarana</i>, or <i>Boreorana </i>at this time pending achievement of more phylogenetic stability, especially with respect to the position of the taxon <i>sylvaticus </i>which inconsistently is recovered as sister to the proposed <i>Aquarana </i>or as sister to <i>Lithobates</i>.","roundedGRank":"G5","conservationStatusFactorsEditionDate":"2002-04-12","conservationStatusFactorsEditionAuthors":"Hammerson, G.","primaryCommonNameLanguage":"EN","recordType":"SPECIES","elementNationals":[{"elementNationalId":162018,"classifConfidence":null,"nation":{"id":225,"nameEn":"United States","nameEs":"Estados Unidos","nameFr":"États-Unis","isoCode":"US","region":"United States"},"roundedNRank":"N5","elementSubnationals":[{"elementSubnationalId":305777,"subnation":{"id":48,"nameEn":"South Carolina","nameEs":"Carolina del Sur","nameFr":"Caroline du Sud","subnationCode":"SC","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S4","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S4","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":305777,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":271311,"subnation":{"id":12,"nameEn":"Florida","nameEs":"Florida","nameFr":"Floride","subnationCode":"FL","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S3","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S3S4","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":271311,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":311679,"subnation":{"id":2,"nameEn":"Alabama","nameEs":"Alabama","nameFr":"Alabama","subnationCode":"AL","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S1","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S1","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":311679,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":295561,"subnation":{"id":32,"nameEn":"Mississippi","nameEs":"Mississippi","nameFr":"Mississippi","subnationCode":"MS","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S1","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S1","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":295561,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":396811,"subnation":{"id":14,"nameEn":"Georgia","nameEs":"Georgia","nameFr":"Géorgie","subnationCode":"GA","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":396811,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":286718,"subnation":{"id":34,"nameEn":"North Carolina","nameEs":"Carolina del Norte","nameFr":"Caroline du Nord","subnationCode":"NC","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"SX","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"SX","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":286718,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}}],"nrankReviewYear":1996,"nrank":"N5","speciesNational":{"elementNationalId":162018,"exotic":false,"native":true}}],"lastModified":"2026-10-02T21:42:47.784111Z","lastPublished":"2026-10-02T21:32:08.892226Z","promotionalDescription":null,"conceptLineageSummary":null,"nsxUrl":"/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.103815/Lithobates_heckscheri","grankAdjustmentReasons":null,"grankChangeDate":"2001-11-21","grankReviewDate":"2002-04-12","grankReasons":null,"grank":"G5","rankInfo":{"elementGlobalId":103815,"aooPercentGood":null,"enviromentalSpecificity":{"id":9,"enviromentalSpecificityDescEn":"Moderate to broad.","enviromentalSpecificityDescEs":"Moderado a amplio.","enviromentalSpecificityDescFr":"De modéré à vaste."},"intrinsicVulnerability":{"id":4,"intrinsicVulnerabilityDescEn":"Moderately vulnerable","intrinsicVulnerabilityDescEs":"Moderadamente vulnerable","intrinsicVulnerabilityDescFr":"Moyennement vulnérable"},"longTermTrend":null,"numberEos":null,"numberGoodEos":null,"numberProtEos":null,"popSize":null,"rangeExtent":{"id":31,"rangeExtentDescEn":"20,000-2,500,000 square km (about 8000-1,000,000 square miles)","rangeExtentDescEs":"De 20.000 a 2.500.000 kilómetros cuadrados (aproximadamente 8.000 a 1.000.000 de millas cuadradas)","rangeExtentDescFr":"De 20 000 à 2 500 000 km carrés (de 8 000 à 1 000 000 miles carrés approximativement)"},"shortTermTrend":null,"threatImpactAssigned":null,"rangeExtentComments":"Coastal Plain from southern North Carolina (at least formerly) to northern Florida, west through extreme southern Alabama to southeastern Mississippi (Conant and Collins 1991). Most of the range is in northern Florida, southern Georgia, and southern South Carolina.","areaOfOccupancy":null,"areaOfOccupancyComments":null,"numberEosComments":null,"popSizeComments":"In Florida, can be quite common in proper habitat (Bartlett and Bartlett 1999).","viabilityComments":null,"threatImpactComments":null,"shortTermTrendComments":null,"longTermTrendComments":null,"inventoryNeeds":null,"numberProtEosComments":null,"protectionNeeds":null,"otherConsiderations":null,"intrinsicVulnerabilityComments":null,"enviromentalSpecificityComments":null},"animalCharacteristics":{"elementGlobalId":103815,"majorHabitat":{"id":2,"majorHabitatDescEn":"Freshwater","majorHabitatDescEs":"Agua dulce","majorHabitatDescFr":"Eau douce"},"nonMigrant":true,"localMigrant":false,"longDistanceMigrant":false,"mobilityMigrationComments":null,"foodHabitsComments":"Metamorphosed frogs probably eat various invertebrates and occasionally small vertebrates. Larvae may eat organic debris, algae, plant tissue, and small invertebrates.","animalPhenologyComments":null,"colonialBreeder":false,"length":14,"width":null,"weight":null,"animalPhenologies":[{"animalCagPhenologyId":102682,"animalPhenology":{"id":4,"animalPhenologyDescEn":"Nocturnal","animalPhenologyDescEs":"Nocturno","animalPhenologyDescFr":"Nocturne","displayOrder":4},"adult":true,"immature":true}],"animalFoodHabits":[{"animalCagFoodHabitsId":104943,"foodHabits":{"id":3,"foodHabitsDescEn":"Invertivore","foodHabitsDescEs":"Invertívoro","foodHabitsDescFr":"Invertivore","displayOrder":3},"adult":true,"immature":false},{"animalCagFoodHabitsId":104944,"foodHabits":{"id":4,"foodHabitsDescEn":"Herbivore","foodHabitsDescEs":"Herbívoro","foodHabitsDescFr":"Herbivore","displayOrder":4},"adult":false,"immature":true}]},"occurrenceDelineations":[{"eoSpecsDetailId":1179,"locationUseClass":{"id":1,"locationUseClassDescEn":"Not applicable","locationUseClassDescEs":"No se aplica","locationUseClassDescFr":"Sans objet","displayOrder":1},"eoSpecGroupName":"Ranid Frogs","subtypes":"Breeding Location","inferredExtentDistance":null,"inferredExtentNotes":null,"minimumEoCriteria":"Occurrences are based on evidence of historical presence, or current and likely recurring presence, at a given location. Such evidence minimally includes collection or reliable observation and documentation of one or more individuals (including larvae or eggs) in or near appropriate habitat where the species is presumed to be established and breeding.","mappingGuidance":null,"separationBarriers":"Busy major highway, especially at night, such that frogs rarely if ever cross successfully; urban development dominated by buildings and pavement; habitat in which site-specific data indicate the frogs virtually never occur.","separationDistanceUnsuitableHabitatat":1.0,"separationDistanceSuitableHabitatat":5.0,"altSeparationProcedure":null,"separationJustification":"BARRIERS/UNSUITABLE HABITAT: Rivers may or may not be effective barriers, depending on stream width and flow dynamics; identification of streams as barriers is a subjective determination. Ranid frog species vary in habitat use, but even the most aquatic species may traverse upland habitat when conditions are suitable (Pope and Matthews 2001); natural and seminatural upland habitat generally does not constitute a barrier. Here, unsuitable habitat refers to upland habitat devoid or nearly devoid of wetlands, streams, ponds, or lakes. Bodies of water dominated by predatory fishes may be barriers to some species but suitable habitat for others; in most cases, such waters probably should be regarded as unsuitable habitat.<br /><br />SUITABLE HABITAT (Applies to most North American ranids, but not <i>Lithobates sevosa</i> or <i>L. </i><i>capit</i>o): Suitable habitat includes riparian/riverine corridors, wetlands, and wetland/upland mosaics in which wetland patches are separated by less than 1 km of upland habitat; it also includes any upland habitat regularly used for feeding or wintering (e.g., mesic forest for wood frogs).<br /><br />MOVEMENTS (Applies to most North American ranids, but not <i>Lithobates sevosa</i> or <i>L. </i><i>capit</i>o): Available information indicates that individual ranids occasionally move distances of several km (<i>R. luteiventris</i>: Reaser 1996, cited by Koch et al. 1997; <i>R. blairi</i>: Gillis 1975) but most individuals stay within a few kilometers of their breeding sites (<i>R. aurora draytonii</i>: USFWS, Federal Register, 11 September 2000; <i>L. capito</i>: Franz et al. 1988; <i>R. clamitans</i>: Lamoureux and Madison 1999; <i>R. luteiventris</i>: Turner 1960, Hollenbeck 1974, Bull and Hayes 2001). Similarly, maximum distance between capture points generally is a few kilometers or less (<i>R. aurora</i>: Hayes et al. 2001; USFWS, Federal Register, 11 September 2000; <i>L. catesbeiana</i>: Willis et al. 1956; <i>R. luteiventris</i>: Reaser and Pilliod, in press; Engle 2000; <i>R. muscosa</i>: Pope and Matthews 2001). Dispersal data for juveniles are lacking for most species.<br /><br />Adult and juvenile <i>L. sylvaticus</i> readily traveled in excess of 300 m from their pools of origin (Vasconcelos and Calhoun 2004). Bellis (1965) determined that adult and juvenile <i>L. sylvaticus</i> in a peat bog had traveled at least 410 m from the nearest breeding pool. Berven and Grudzien (1990) found that dispersing <i>L. sylvaticus</i> juveniles traveled an average of 1,208 m from their natal pools. In the Shenandoah Mountains, data for <i>L. sylvaticus</i> indicated that ponds separated by a distance greater than 1,000 m should experience little gene flow (Berven and Grudzien 1991). In contrast, populations in Minnesota were very similar in allelic frequencies, even at distances greater than several kilometers (Squire and Newman 2002). However, sample sizes and number of loci examined were small, and genetic patterns do not necessarily reflect movement distances.<br /><br />See Humphries and Sisson (2012) for information about movements, habitat needs, and area requirements for <i>L. capito</i>.<br /><br />The preponderance of data for ranids indicate that a separation distance of several kilometers may be appropriate for suitable habitat and practical for occurrence delineation, despite occasional movements that are longer and that may allow some genetic interchange between distant populations. The movement data for ranids are here regarded as consistent enough to allow the same separation distance to be used for different species; much of the apparent variation in movements doubtless reflects differences in study methods and in the ability to detect long-distance movements.","versionDate":"2005-04-01","versionAuthor":"Hammerson, G.","versionNotes":null,"lastModified":"2020-10-03T20:47:46.301189Z"}],"plantCharacteristics":null,"elementManagement":{"elementGlobalId":103815,"eoManagementGroupName":null,"stewardshipOverview":null,"impacts":null,"restorationPotential":null,"siteConservationPlansConsidered":null,"managementMethods":null,"monitoringMethods":null,"managementProgramContacts":null,"monitoringProgramContacts":null,"managementResearchPrograms":null,"managementResearchNeeds":null,"biologicalResearchNeeds":null,"additionalTopics":null},"occurrenceViabilities":[{"eoRankSpecsDetailId":105283,"eoRankSpecsGroupName":null,"locationUseClass":{"id":1,"locationUseClassDescEn":"Not applicable","locationUseClassDescEs":"No se aplica","locationUseClassDescFr":"Sans objet","displayOrder":1},"excellentViability":null,"goodViability":null,"fairViability":null,"poorViability":null,"viabilityJustification":"Use the Generic Guidelines for the Application of Occurrence Ranks (2008).<br>The Key for Ranking Species Occurrences Using the Generic Approach provides a step-wise process for implementing this method.","versionDate":null,"versionAuthor":null,"versionNotes":null,"lastModified":"2020-05-14T02:25:02.961632Z"}],"references":[{"id":121080,"citation":"Bartlett, R. D., and P. P. Bartlett. 1999b. A field guide to Florida reptiles and amphibians. Gulf Publishing Company, Houston, Texas. xvi + 278 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Bartlett and Bartlett","shortCitationYear":1999,"referenceCode":"B99BAR02NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:11:58.710124Z"},{"id":137372,"citation":"Behler, J. L., and F. W. King. 1979. The Audubon Society field guide to North American reptiles and amphibians. Alfred A. Knopf, New York. 719 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Behler and King","shortCitationYear":1979,"referenceCode":"B79BEH01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T14:38:24.173666Z"},{"id":112779,"citation":"Blackburn, L., P. Nanjappa, and M. J. Lannoo. 2001. An Atlas of the Distribution of U.S. Amphibians. Copyright, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, USA.","shortCitationAuthor":"Blackburn et al.","shortCitationYear":2001,"referenceCode":"B01BLA01EHUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T14:38:24.173666Z"},{"id":1167418,"citation":"Che, J., J. Pang, E. M. Zhao, M. Matsui, and Y. P. Zhang. 2007. Phylogenetic relationships of the Chinese brown frogs (genus <i>Rana</i>) inferred from partial mitochondrial 12S and 16S rRNA gene sequences. Zoological Science 24(1):71-80.","shortCitationAuthor":"Che et al.","shortCitationYear":2007,"referenceCode":"A07CHE02NAUS","lastModified":"2026-06-06T01:37:34.510214Z"},{"id":138288,"citation":"Conant, R. 1975. A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of Eastern and Central North America. Second Edition. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, Massachusetts. xvii + 429 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Conant","shortCitationYear":1975,"referenceCode":"B75CON01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T14:38:24.173666Z"},{"id":104608,"citation":"Conant, R. and J. T. Collins. 1991. A field guide to reptiles and amphibians: eastern and central North America. Third edition. Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston, Massachusetts. 450 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Conant and Collins","shortCitationYear":1991,"referenceCode":"B91CON01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:11:51.303794Z"},{"id":943912,"citation":"Crother, B. I. (editor). 2017. Scientific and standard English names of amphibians and reptiles of North America north of Mexico, with comments regarding confidence in our understanding. 8th edition. SSAR Herpetological Circular 43:1-104. [Updates in SSAR North American Species Names Database at: https://ssarherps.org/cndb]","shortCitationAuthor":"Crother","shortCitationYear":2017,"referenceCode":"B17CRO01EHUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:11:53.413199Z"},{"id":1107242,"citation":"Dubois, A., A. Ohler, and R. A. Pyron. 2021. New concepts and methods for phylogenetic taxonomy and nomenclature in zoology, exemplified by a new ranked cladonomy of recent amphibians (Lissamphibia). Megataxa 5:1-738.","shortCitationAuthor":"Dubois et al.","shortCitationYear":2021,"referenceCode":"A21DUB01NAUS","lastModified":"2021-12-06T19:01:16.251202Z"},{"id":119796,"citation":"Frost, D. R. 1985. Amphibian species of the world. A taxonomic and geographical reference. Allen Press, Inc., and The Association of  Systematics Collections, Lawrence, Kansas. v + 732 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Frost","shortCitationYear":1985,"referenceCode":"B85FRO01HQUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T14:38:24.173666Z"},{"id":650580,"citation":"Frost, D. R. 2010. Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 5.4 (8 April 2010). Electronic Database accessible at http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.php. American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA. ","shortCitationAuthor":"Frost","shortCitationYear":2010,"referenceCode":"W10FRO01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T14:38:15.579798Z"},{"id":1054360,"citation":"Frost, D.R. 2020. Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA. Online: http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.html","shortCitationAuthor":"Frost","shortCitationYear":2020,"referenceCode":"W20FRO02NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T19:41:47.447453Z"},{"id":1164177,"citation":"Frost, D. R. 2026. Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.2. Electronic Database accessible at https://amphibiansoftheworld.amnh.org/index.php. American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA. doi.org/10.5531/db.vz.0001","shortCitationAuthor":"Frost","shortCitationYear":2026,"referenceCode":"W26FRO01NAUS","lastModified":"2026-02-28T09:15:58.167591Z"},{"id":614712,"citation":"Frost, D.R., T. Grant, J. Faivovich, R. Bain, A. Haas, C.F.B. Haddad, R.O. de Sa´, S.C. Donnellan, C.J. Raxworthy, M. Wilkinson, A. Channing, J.A. Campbell, B.L. Blotto, P. Moler, R.C. Drewes, R.A. Nussbaum, J.D. Lynch, D. Green, and W.C. Wheeler. 2006. The amphibian tree of life. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 297: 1-370.","shortCitationAuthor":"Frost et al.","shortCitationYear":2006,"referenceCode":"B06FRO01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:12:01.663271Z"},{"id":124025,"citation":"Martof, B. S., W. M. Palmer, J. R. Bailey, and J. R. Harrison, III. 1980. Amphibians and reptiles of the Carolinas and Virginia. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. 264 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Martof et al.","shortCitationYear":1980,"referenceCode":"B80MAR01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:11:53.397371Z"},{"id":120174,"citation":"Mount, R. H. 1975. The reptiles and amphibians of Alabama. Auburn University Agricultural Experiment Station, Auburn, Alabama. vii + 347 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Mount","shortCitationYear":1975,"referenceCode":"B75MOU01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:11:56.616394Z"},{"id":1153425,"citation":"Nicholson, K. E. (ed.). 2025. Scientific and Standard English Names of Amphibians and Reptiles of North America North of Mexico, with Comments Regarding Confidence in Our Understanding. Ninth Edition. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles. 87 pp. Online database available at: https://cnah.org/SSARnames.aspx","shortCitationAuthor":"Nicholson","shortCitationYear":2025,"referenceCode":"B25NIC01NAUS","lastModified":"2026-06-06T01:36:32.018241Z"},{"id":132744,"citation":"Sanders, A.E. 1984. <i>Rana heckscheri</i>. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles. 348:1-2.","shortCitationAuthor":"Sanders","shortCitationYear":1984,"referenceCode":"A84SAN01NAUS","lastModified":"2021-07-03T04:09:07.764228Z"},{"id":1064767,"citation":"Yuan, Z.-Y, W.-W. Zhou, X. Chen, N.A. Poyarkov Jr, H.-M. Chen, N.-H. Jang-Liaw, W.-H. Chou, N.J. Matzke, K. Iizuka, M.-S. Min, S.L. Kuzmin, Y.-P. Zhang, D.C. Cannatella, D.M. Hillis, and J. Chesp. 2016. Spatiotemporal diversification of the true frogs (genus <i>Rana</i>): a historical framework for a widely studied group of model organisms. Systematic biology 65(5):824-842.","shortCitationAuthor":"Yuan et al.","shortCitationYear":2016,"referenceCode":"A16YUA01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-10-03T21:02:13.064178Z"}],"otherCommonNames":[{"id":144894,"name":"river frog","language":"EN"}],"speciesGlobal":{"elementGlobalId":103815,"cites":null,"cosewic":null,"fwsRegion":null,"genusSize":{"id":4,"genusSizeDescEn":"Medium to large genus","genusSizeDescEs":"Género de mediano a grande","genusSizeDescFr":"Moyen à grand genre"},"jurisEndem":{"id":3,"jurisEndemDescEn":"endemic to a single nation","jurisEndemDescEs":"Endémico de una nación","jurisEndemDescFr":"Endémique à une nation"},"nomenclaturallyEst":null,"usesa":null,"informalTaxonomy":{"informalTaxonomyId":3,"level1":"Animals","level2":"Vertebrates","level3":"Amphibians","level":3,"hasChildren":false,"parentId":2,"distributionStatus":"complete","displayOrder":1060},"parentSpecies":null,"infraspecies":false,"kingdom":"Animalia","phylum":"Craniata","taxclass":"Amphibia","taxorder":"Anura","family":"Ranidae","genus":"Lithobates","americanFisheriesStatus":null,"americanFisheriesStatusDate":null,"saraStatus":null,"saraStatusDate":null,"cosewicDate":null,"interpretedCosewic":null,"cosewicComments":null,"usesaDate":null,"interpretedUsesa":null,"usesaComments":null,"completeDistribution":true,"synonyms":[{"id":159539,"synonym":"Aquarana heckscheri","synonymAuthor":"(Wright, 1924)","formattedSynonym":"<i>Aquarana heckscheri</i>"},{"id":115328,"synonym":"Rana heckscheri","synonymAuthor":"Wright, 1924","formattedSynonym":"<i>Rana heckscheri</i>"}],"infraspeciesList":[],"ebarId":null,"ebarCanadianScope":false,"ebarGlobalScope":false,"ebarKbaGroup":"Amphibians and Reptiles","caGeneralStatusId":null},"speciesCharacteristics":{"elementGlobalId":103815,"reproductionComments":"Lays clutch of probably several thousand eggs April to August. Aquatic larval stage lasts 1-2 years.","ecologyComments":null,"habitatComments":"Swamps along streams and edges of shallow ponds and impoundments (including beaver ponds). Eggs and larvae develop in permanent swamp waters.","generalDescription":null,"diagnosticCharacteristics":null,"speciesMarineHabitats":[],"speciesTerrestrialHabitats":[],"speciesRiverineHabitats":[{"cagRiverineHabId":-105609,"riverineHabitat":{"id":7,"riverineHabitatDescEn":"Low gradient","riverineHabitatDescEs":"Pendiente de bajo flujo","riverineHabitatDescFr":"Pente d’écoulement faible","displayOrder":7}},{"cagRiverineHabId":-105608,"riverineHabitat":{"id":9,"riverineHabitatDescEn":"Pool","riverineHabitatDescEs":"Piscina","riverineHabitatDescFr":"Fosse","displayOrder":9}}],"speciesPalustrineHabitats":[{"cagPalusHabId":-102917,"palustrineHabitat":{"id":4,"palustrineHabitatDescEn":"FORESTED WETLAND","palustrineHabitatDescEs":"HUMEDAL BOSCOSO","palustrineHabitatDescFr":"TERRE HUMIDE FORESTIÈRE","displayOrder":4}}],"speciesLacustrineHabitats":[{"cagLacusHabId":-100870,"lacustrineHabitat":{"id":2,"lacustrineHabitatDescEn":"Shallow water","lacustrineHabitatDescEs":"Aguas poco profundas","lacustrineHabitatDescFr":"Eau peu profonde","displayOrder":2}}],"speciesSubterraneanHabitats":[],"speciesEstuarineHabitats":[]},"primaryReference":{"id":1153425,"citation":"Nicholson, K. E. (ed.). 2025. Scientific and Standard English Names of Amphibians and Reptiles of North America North of Mexico, with Comments Regarding Confidence in Our Understanding. Ninth Edition. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles. 87 pp. Online database available at: https://cnah.org/SSARnames.aspx","shortCitationAuthor":"Nicholson","shortCitationYear":2025,"referenceCode":"B25NIC01NAUS","lastModified":"2026-06-06T01:36:32.018241Z"},"predecessors":[],"elementGlobalThreatAssessments":[{"elementGlobalThreatAssessId":16225,"iucnThreatCategory":{"id":1,"iucnThreatCategoryCd":"1","iucnThreatCategoryDescEn":"Residential & commercial development","iucnThreatCategoryDescEs":null,"iucnThreatCategoryDescFr":null,"displayValueEn":"1 - Residential & commercial development","displayValueEs":null,"displayValueFr":null,"displayOrder":10,"iucnThreat":"Y","parentThreatId":null,"iucnThreatLevel":1},"iucnThreatScope":null,"iucnThreatSeverity":null,"iucnThreatTiming":{"id":1,"iucnThreatTimingDescEn":"High: Continuing","iucnThreatTimingDescEs":null,"iucnThreatTimingDescFr":null,"displayValueEn":"High (continuing)","displayValueEs":null,"displayValueFr":null,"displayOrder":1},"threatImpactCalc":null},{"elementGlobalThreatAssessId":16226,"iucnThreatCategory":{"id":2,"iucnThreatCategoryCd":"1.1","iucnThreatCategoryDescEn":"Housing & urban areas","iucnThreatCategoryDescEs":null,"iucnThreatCategoryDescFr":null,"displayValueEn":"1.1 - Housing & urban areas","displayValueEs":null,"displayValueFr":null,"displayOrder":20,"iucnThreat":"Y","parentThreatId":1,"iucnThreatLevel":2},"iucnThreatScope":null,"iucnThreatSeverity":null,"iucnThreatTiming":{"id":1,"iucnThreatTimingDescEn":"High: Continuing","iucnThreatTimingDescEs":null,"iucnThreatTimingDescFr":null,"displayValueEn":"High (continuing)","displayValueEs":null,"displayValueFr":null,"displayOrder":1},"threatImpactCalc":null},{"elementGlobalThreatAssessId":16227,"iucnThreatCategory":{"id":3,"iucnThreatCategoryCd":"1.2","iucnThreatCategoryDescEn":"Commercial & industrial areas","iucnThreatCategoryDescEs":null,"iucnThreatCategoryDescFr":null,"displayValueEn":"1.2 - Commercial & industrial areas","displayValueEs":null,"displayValueFr":null,"displayOrder":30,"iucnThreat":"Y","parentThreatId":1,"iucnThreatLevel":2},"iucnThreatScope":null,"iucnThreatSeverity":null,"iucnThreatTiming":{"id":1,"iucnThreatTimingDescEn":"High: Continuing","iucnThreatTimingDescEs":null,"iucnThreatTimingDescFr":null,"displayValueEn":"High (continuing)","displayValueEs":null,"displayValueFr":null,"displayOrder":1},"threatImpactCalc":null},{"elementGlobalThreatAssessId":16228,"iucnThreatCategory":{"id":4,"iucnThreatCategoryCd":"1.3","iucnThreatCategoryDescEn":"Tourism & recreation areas","iucnThreatCategoryDescEs":null,"iucnThreatCategoryDescFr":null,"displayValueEn":"1.3 - Tourism & recreation areas","displayValueEs":null,"displayValueFr":null,"displayOrder":40,"iucnThreat":"Y","parentThreatId":1,"iucnThreatLevel":2},"iucnThreatScope":null,"iucnThreatSeverity":null,"iucnThreatTiming":{"id":1,"iucnThreatTimingDescEn":"High: Continuing","iucnThreatTimingDescEs":null,"iucnThreatTimingDescFr":null,"displayValueEn":"High (continuing)","displayValueEs":null,"displayValueFr":null,"displayOrder":1},"threatImpactCalc":null},{"elementGlobalThreatAssessId":16229,"iucnThreatCategory":{"id":14,"iucnThreatCategoryCd":"4","iucnThreatCategoryDescEn":"Transportation & service corridors","iucnThreatCategoryDescEs":null,"iucnThreatCategoryDescFr":null,"displayValueEn":"4 - Transportation & service corridors","displayValueEs":null,"displayValueFr":null,"displayOrder":280,"iucnThreat":"Y","parentThreatId":null,"iucnThreatLevel":1},"iucnThreatScope":null,"iucnThreatSeverity":null,"iucnThreatTiming":{"id":1,"iucnThreatTimingDescEn":"High: Continuing","iucnThreatTimingDescEs":null,"iucnThreatTimingDescFr":null,"displayValueEn":"High (continuing)","displayValueEs":null,"displayValueFr":null,"displayOrder":1},"threatImpactCalc":null},{"elementGlobalThreatAssessId":16230,"iucnThreatCategory":{"id":15,"iucnThreatCategoryCd":"4.1","iucnThreatCategoryDescEn":"Roads & railroads","iucnThreatCategoryDescEs":null,"iucnThreatCategoryDescFr":null,"displayValueEn":"4.1 - Roads & railroads","displayValueEs":null,"displayValueFr":null,"displayOrder":290,"iucnThreat":"Y","parentThreatId":14,"iucnThreatLevel":2},"iucnThreatScope":null,"iucnThreatSeverity":null,"iucnThreatTiming":{"id":1,"iucnThreatTimingDescEn":"High: Continuing","iucnThreatTimingDescEs":null,"iucnThreatTimingDescFr":null,"displayValueEn":"High (continuing)","displayValueEs":null,"displayValueFr":null,"displayOrder":1},"threatImpactCalc":null}]}