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Three major breeding groups: North Pacific, North Atlantic, and Antarctic; perhaps a separate breeding population in the Indian Ocean. Seen with some regularity in deep coastal canyons off central and southern California, far inside the Gulf of St. Lawrence, and in the Denmark Strait. See IUCN (1991) for further details. For all practical purposes the Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere stocks do not mix (IUCN 1991). 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There is concern among some biologists that underwater sound waves, such as those to be transmitted as part of the Acoustic Thermometry of Ocean Climate project (see Schmidt, 1994, Science 264:339-340), may detrimentally impact marine mammals; all agree that more information is needed on the impact of noise on marine mammals.","shortTermTrendComments":"Severely depleted throughout the range by commercial whaling (IUCN 1991), but some populations are increasing (J. Barlow, pers. comm., 1995).","longTermTrendComments":null,"inventoryNeeds":"Locate high use areas.","numberProtEosComments":"Protected by the IWC, the US MMPA, and the US ESA. See IUCN (1991) for a discussion of international protection measures.","protectionNeeds":"Enforce international and national protection regulations. 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Of individuals tagged off southern California, where apparently they were feeding or foraging, one moved to waters off northern California and four moved southward to Baja California, two passing Cabo San Lucas and one of these moving an additional 3000 km to near the Costa Rican Dome (an upwelling feature), which may be a calving/breeding area (Mate et al. 1999). Data on vocalizations support the idea that blue whales off North America and in the eastern tropical Pacific represent a single stock (Stafford et al. 1999). Hydrophone recordings suggest possible winter and late summer migrations off Oahu (Hawaii) (Thompson and Friedl 1982).","foodHabitsComments":"Eats primarily krill. 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If useful, year-to-year variation in areas could be mapped as separate source feature polygons within a larger multi-year principal EO.","separationBarriers":"None.","separationDistanceUnsuitableHabitatat":30.0,"separationDistanceSuitableHabitatat":30.0,"altSeparationProcedure":null,"separationJustification":"Whales can travel significant distances daily. However, occurrences are defined primarily on the basis of areas predictably supporting concentrations of prey (e.g., small fish or krill) and feeding whales, rather than on the basis of distinct whale populations or specific feeding groups. 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