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A., and D. H. Gist. 1987. Annual reproductive cycle of an introduced population of European wall lizards (<i>Podarcis muralis</i>) in Ohio. J. 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It was introduced to New Jersey (Conant 1945) and is established in Indiana (Walker and Deichsel 2005), Kentucky (Draud and Ferner 1994), Ohio (Vigle 1977), and British Columbia, Canada (Allan et al. 1993) (Nicholson 2025).","areaOfOccupancy":null,"areaOfOccupancyComments":null,"numberEosComments":null,"popSizeComments":null,"viabilityComments":null,"threatImpactComments":null,"shortTermTrendComments":null,"longTermTrendComments":null,"inventoryNeeds":null,"numberProtEosComments":null,"protectionNeeds":null,"otherConsiderations":null,"intrinsicVulnerabilityComments":null,"enviromentalSpecificityComments":null},"animalCharacteristics":{"elementGlobalId":101295,"majorHabitat":{"id":3,"majorHabitatDescEn":"Terrestrial","majorHabitatDescEs":"Terrestre","majorHabitatDescFr":"Terrestre"},"nonMigrant":true,"localMigrant":false,"longDistanceMigrant":false,"mobilityMigrationComments":null,"foodHabitsComments":null,"animalPhenologyComments":"Ohio: usually not observed in December-January, except during unseasonably warm weather (Kwiat and Gist 1987).","colonialBreeder":false,"length":null,"width":null,"weight":null,"animalPhenologies":[{"animalCagPhenologyId":101366,"animalPhenology":{"id":3,"animalPhenologyDescEn":"Diurnal","animalPhenologyDescEs":"Diurno","animalPhenologyDescFr":"Diurne","displayOrder":3},"adult":true,"immature":true}],"animalFoodHabits":[{"animalCagFoodHabitsId":102606,"foodHabits":{"id":3,"foodHabitsDescEn":"Invertivore","foodHabitsDescEs":"Invertívoro","foodHabitsDescFr":"Invertivore","displayOrder":3},"adult":true,"immature":true}]},"occurrenceDelineations":[{"eoSpecsDetailId":1117,"locationUseClass":{"id":1,"locationUseClassDescEn":"Not applicable","locationUseClassDescEs":"No se aplica","locationUseClassDescFr":"Sans objet","displayOrder":1},"eoSpecGroupName":"Lacertid Lizards","subtypes":null,"inferredExtentDistance":0.2,"inferredExtentNotes":null,"minimumEoCriteria":"Occurrences are based on evidence of historical presence, or current and likely recurring presence, at a given location. Such evidence minimally includes collection or reliable observation and documentation of one or more individuals (including eggs) in or near appropriate habitat where the species is presumed to be established and  breeding.","mappingGuidance":null,"separationBarriers":"Busy highway or highway with obstructions such that lizards rarely if ever cross successfully; major river, lake, pond, or deep marsh; urbanized area dominated by buildings and pavement.","separationDistanceUnsuitableHabitatat":1.0,"separationDistanceSuitableHabitatat":5.0,"altSeparationProcedure":null,"separationJustification":"These lizards likely have relatively small home ranges, but little is known about dispersal distances. Separation distances are based on other lizards (teiids, phrynosomatids) of similar body size.<br><br>The separation distance for unsuitable habitat reflects the nominal minimum value. The separation distance for suitable habitat takes into consideration the probable small home range sizes of these lizards, their tendency to occur throughout patches of suitable habitat, and the likely low probability that two locations separated by less than several kilometers of suitable habitat would represent different populations.","versionDate":"2004-03-15","versionAuthor":"Hammerson, G.","versionNotes":null,"lastModified":"2020-04-30T02:08:10.038345Z"}],"plantCharacteristics":null,"elementManagement":{"elementGlobalId":101295,"eoManagementGroupName":null,"stewardshipOverview":null,"impacts":null,"restorationPotential":null,"siteConservationPlansConsidered":null,"managementMethods":null,"monitoringMethods":null,"managementProgramContacts":null,"monitoringProgramContacts":null,"managementResearchPrograms":null,"managementResearchNeeds":null,"biologicalResearchNeeds":null,"additionalTopics":null},"occurrenceViabilities":[{"eoRankSpecsDetailId":102846,"eoRankSpecsGroupName":null,"locationUseClass":{"id":1,"locationUseClassDescEn":"Not applicable","locationUseClassDescEs":"No se aplica","locationUseClassDescFr":"Sans objet","displayOrder":1},"excellentViability":null,"goodViability":null,"fairViability":null,"poorViability":null,"viabilityJustification":"Use the Generic Guidelines for the Application of Occurrence Ranks (2008).<br>The Key for Ranking Species Occurrences Using the Generic Approach provides a step-wise process for implementing this method.","versionDate":null,"versionAuthor":null,"versionNotes":null,"lastModified":"2020-05-14T02:18:38.330873Z"}],"references":[{"id":1165302,"citation":"Allan, M., P. T. Gregory, and C. J. Prelypchan. 1993. The ecology of introduced Common Wall Lizards (Podarcis muralis) in Saanich, Vancouver Island. Final Report, British Columbia Ministry of Environment. 24pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Allan et al.","shortCitationYear":1993,"referenceCode":"R93ALL01NAUS","lastModified":"2026-04-03T22:01:08.257267Z"},{"id":134876,"citation":"Barbault, R., and Y.-P. Mou. 1989. Population dynamics of the common wall lizard, <i>Podarcis muralis</i>, in southwestern France. Herpetologica 44:38-47.","shortCitationAuthor":"Barbault and Mou","shortCitationYear":1989,"referenceCode":"A88BAR02NAUS","lastModified":"2026-04-03T22:01:08.251288Z"},{"id":140299,"citation":"Brown, R. M., D. H. Gist, and D. H. Taylor. 1995. Home range ecology of an introduced population of the European wall lizard Podarcis muralis (Lacertilia; Lacertidae) in Cincinnati, Ohio. American Midland Naturalist 133:344-359.","shortCitationAuthor":"Brown et al.","shortCitationYear":1995,"referenceCode":"A95BRO02NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:15:00.572104Z"},{"id":1165304,"citation":"Conant, R. 1945. More reptiles in cork shipments. Copeia 1945:233.","shortCitationAuthor":"Conant","shortCitationYear":1945,"referenceCode":"A45CON01NAUS","lastModified":"2026-04-03T22:01:08.259273Z"},{"id":140525,"citation":"Conant, R., and J. T. Collins. 1998. A field guide to reptiles and amphibians: eastern and central North America. Third edition, expanded. Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston, Massachusetts. 616 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Conant and Collins","shortCitationYear":1998,"referenceCode":"B98CON01EHUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:11:57.819328Z"},{"id":126489,"citation":"Deichsel, G., and D. H. Gist. 2001. On the origin of the common wall lizards Podarcis muralis (Reptilia: Lacertidae) in Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. Herpetological Review 32:230-232.","shortCitationAuthor":"Deichsel and Gist","shortCitationYear":2001,"referenceCode":"A01DEI01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:15:00.572104Z"},{"id":1165300,"citation":"Draud, M., and J. Ferner. 1994. <i>Podarcis muralis</i> (common wall lizard). USA: Kentucky. Herpetological Review 25(1):33.","shortCitationAuthor":"Draud and Ferner","shortCitationYear":1994,"referenceCode":"A94DRA01NAUS","lastModified":"2026-04-03T22:01:08.254267Z"},{"id":156556,"citation":"Ferner, J. W., and J. P. Ferner. 2002. Geographic distribution: <i>Podarcis muralis</i>. Herpetological Review 33:226.","shortCitationAuthor":"Ferner and Ferner","shortCitationYear":2002,"referenceCode":"A02FER01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:15:00.572104Z"},{"id":102548,"citation":"Hedeen, S. E. 1984. The establishment of <i>Podarcis muralis</i> in Cincinnati, Ohio. SSAR Herpetol. Rev. 15:70.","shortCitationAuthor":"Hedeen","shortCitationYear":1984,"referenceCode":"A84HED01NAUS","lastModified":"2026-04-03T22:01:08.251288Z"},{"id":116407,"citation":"Kwiat, G. A., and D. H. Gist. 1987. Annual reproductive cycle of an introduced population of European wall lizards (<i>Podarcis muralis</i>) in Ohio. J. Herpetol. 21:205-209.","shortCitationAuthor":"Kwiat and Gist","shortCitationYear":1987,"referenceCode":"A87KWI01NAUS","lastModified":"2026-04-03T22:01:08.250276Z"},{"id":1153425,"citation":"Nicholson, K. E. (ed.). 2025. Scientific and Standard English Names of Amphibians and Reptiles of North America North of Mexico, with Comments Regarding Confidence in Our Understanding. Ninth Edition. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles. 87 pp. Online database available at: https://cnah.org/SSARnames.aspx","shortCitationAuthor":"Nicholson","shortCitationYear":2025,"referenceCode":"B25NIC01NAUS","lastModified":"2026-06-06T01:36:32.018241Z"},{"id":1165301,"citation":"Vigle, G. O. 1977. The history and distribution of an introduced population of <i>Lacerta muralis</i> (Reptilia, Sauria, Lacertidae), in Cincinnati, Ohio. Herpetological Review Supplement 8:19.","shortCitationAuthor":"Vigle","shortCitationYear":1977,"referenceCode":"A77VIG01NAUS","lastModified":"2026-04-03T22:01:08.256262Z"},{"id":1165299,"citation":"Walker, Z. and G. Deichsel. 2005. Geographic distribution: <i>Podarcis muralis</i>. Herpetological Review 36:302.","shortCitationAuthor":"Walker and Deichsel","shortCitationYear":2005,"referenceCode":"A05WAL02NAUS","lastModified":"2026-04-03T22:01:08.252277Z"}],"otherCommonNames":[{"id":205763,"name":"European Wall Lizard","language":"EN"},{"id":136098,"name":"Lézard des murailles","language":"FR"}],"speciesGlobal":{"elementGlobalId":101295,"cites":null,"cosewic":null,"fwsRegion":null,"genusSize":null,"jurisEndem":{"id":5,"jurisEndemDescEn":"occurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations","jurisEndemDescEs":"Se encuentra en varias naciones (de manera regular, como un taxón nativo)","jurisEndemDescFr":"Se trouve dans plusieurs nations (de façon régulière, tel un taxon indigène)"},"nomenclaturallyEst":null,"usesa":null,"informalTaxonomy":{"informalTaxonomyId":7,"level1":"Animals","level2":"Vertebrates","level3":"Reptiles","level":3,"hasChildren":false,"parentId":2,"distributionStatus":"complete","displayOrder":1100},"parentSpecies":null,"infraspecies":false,"kingdom":"Animalia","phylum":"Craniata","taxclass":"Reptilia","taxorder":"Squamata","family":"Lacertidae","genus":"Podarcis","americanFisheriesStatus":null,"americanFisheriesStatusDate":null,"saraStatus":null,"saraStatusDate":null,"cosewicDate":null,"interpretedCosewic":null,"cosewicComments":null,"usesaDate":null,"interpretedUsesa":null,"usesaComments":null,"completeDistribution":true,"synonyms":[],"infraspeciesList":[],"ebarId":null,"ebarCanadianScope":false,"ebarGlobalScope":false,"ebarKbaGroup":"Amphibians and Reptiles","caGeneralStatusId":"GS000794"},"speciesCharacteristics":{"elementGlobalId":101295,"reproductionComments":"Ohio: eggs laid from mid-April to late July; up to 3 clutches annually; clutch size 2-5 (Kwiat and Gist 1987). 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Ohio: limestone outcrops, base of and among hills adjacent to Ohio River, foundations of abandoned buildings, retaining walls, vacant lots, parks, private gardens, yards (Brown et al. 1995).","generalDescription":null,"diagnosticCharacteristics":null,"speciesMarineHabitats":[],"speciesTerrestrialHabitats":[{"cagTerrHabId":-106454,"terrestrialHabitat":{"id":20,"terrestrialHabitatDescEn":"Suburban/orchard","terrestrialHabitatDescEs":"Suburbano/ huertos","terrestrialHabitatDescFr":"Banlieusard/verger","displayOrder":23}}],"speciesRiverineHabitats":[],"speciesPalustrineHabitats":[],"speciesLacustrineHabitats":[],"speciesSubterraneanHabitats":[],"speciesEstuarineHabitats":[]},"primaryReference":{"id":1153425,"citation":"Nicholson, K. E. (ed.). 2025. Scientific and Standard English Names of Amphibians and Reptiles of North America North of Mexico, with Comments Regarding Confidence in Our Understanding. Ninth Edition. 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