{"elementGlobalId":100932,"circumscripConfidence":{"id":1,"circumscripConfidenceDescEn":"1 - Strong","circumscripConfidenceDescEs":"1 - Fuerte","circumscripConfidenceDescFr":"1 – Forte"},"classificationLevel":{"id":7,"classificationLevelNameEn":"Species","classificationLevelNameEs":"Especies","classificationLevelNameFr":"Espèce"},"classificationStatus":{"id":1,"classificationStatusDescEn":"Standard","classificationStatusDescEs":"Estándar","classificationStatusDescFr":"Standard"},"iucn":{"id":11,"iucnDescEn":"Least concern","iucnDescEs":"Menos preocupante","iucnDescFr":"Moins préoccupante","iucnCode":"LC"},"nameCategory":{"id":1,"nameCategoryDescEn":"Vertebrate Animal","nameCategoryDescEs":"Animal vertebrado","nameCategoryDescFr":"Animal vertébré","nameTypeCd":"A","nameTypeDesc":"Zoological"},"rankMethodUsed":{"id":4,"rankMethodUsedDescEn":"Expertise without calculation","rankMethodUsedDescEs":null,"rankMethodUsedDescFr":null,"rankMethodUsedExternalDescEn":"Ranked by inspection","rankMethodUsedExternalDescEs":null,"rankMethodUsedExternalDescFr":null},"formattedScientificName":"<i>Mimus polyglottos</i>","scientificName":"Mimus polyglottos","scientificNameAuthor":"(Linnaeus, 1758)","primaryCommonName":"Northern Mockingbird","relatedItisNames":"<i>Mimus polyglottos</i> (Linnaeus, 1758) (TSN 178620)","uniqueId":"ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.100932","elcode":"ABPBK03010","conceptRefFullCitation":"American Ornithologists' Union (AOU). 1998. Check-list of North American birds. Seventh edition. American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C. [as modified by subsequent supplements and corrections published in <i>The Auk</i>]. Also available online: http://www.aou.org/.","conceptName":"<i>Mimus polyglottos</i>","taxonomicComments":"Hybridizes with and considered conspecific with <i>M. gilvus</i> by some authors (AOU 1998). Phillips (1986) recognized the Saint Andrews Island population (formerly <i>M. gilvus</i>) as a distinct species, <i>M. magnirostris</i>. Placed in Sturnidae in Sibley and Ahlquist (1984).","roundedGRank":"G5","conservationStatusFactorsEditionDate":null,"conservationStatusFactorsEditionAuthors":null,"primaryCommonNameLanguage":"EN","recordType":"SPECIES","elementNationals":[{"elementNationalId":163790,"classifConfidence":null,"nation":{"id":38,"nameEn":"Canada","nameEs":"Canadá","nameFr":"Canada","isoCode":"CA","region":"Canada"},"roundedNRank":"N4B,N4N","elementSubnationals":[{"elementSubnationalId":308578,"subnation":{"id":63,"nameEn":"New Brunswick","nameEs":"New Brunswick","nameFr":"Nouveau-Brunswick","subnationCode":"NB","dnationId":38},"roundedSRank":"S2B","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S2B","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":308578,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":381585,"subnation":{"id":92,"nameEn":"Island of Newfoundland","nameEs":"Isla de Terranova","nameFr":"Île de Terre­Neuve","subnationCode":"NF","dnationId":38},"roundedSRank":"SU","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"SU","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":381585,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":376098,"subnation":{"id":61,"nameEn":"British Columbia","nameEs":"Columbia Británica","nameFr":"Colombie-Britannique","subnationCode":"BC","dnationId":38},"roundedSRank":"SNRN","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"SNRN","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":376098,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":270389,"subnation":{"id":62,"nameEn":"Manitoba","nameEs":"Manitoba","nameFr":"Manitoba","subnationCode":"MB","dnationId":38},"roundedSRank":"S2","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S2","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":270389,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":376743,"subnation":{"id":66,"nameEn":"Nova Scotia","nameEs":"Nueva Escocia","nameFr":"Nouvelle-Écosse","subnationCode":"NS","dnationId":38},"roundedSRank":"S1B","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S1B","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":376743,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":389108,"subnation":{"id":60,"nameEn":"Alberta","nameEs":"Alberta","nameFr":"Alberta","subnationCode":"AB","dnationId":38},"roundedSRank":"SU","dataSensitive":{"id":1,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"Yes","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"Y"},"dataSensitiveCategory":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveCategoryDescEn":"Proprietary Data","dataSensitiveCategoryDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveCategoryDescFr":null,"nsStandardInd":true},"srank":"SU","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":389108,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":301165,"subnation":{"id":67,"nameEn":"Ontario","nameEs":"Ontario","nameFr":"Ontario","subnationCode":"ON","dnationId":38},"roundedSRank":"S4","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S4","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":301165,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":301163,"subnation":{"id":68,"nameEn":"Prince Edward Island","nameEs":"Isla del Príncipe Eduardo","nameFr":"Île-du-Prince-Édouard","subnationCode":"PE","dnationId":38},"roundedSRank":"S1B","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S1B","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":301163,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":266789,"subnation":{"id":70,"nameEn":"Saskatchewan","nameEs":"Saskatchewan","nameFr":"Saskatchewan","subnationCode":"SK","dnationId":38},"roundedSRank":"SUB","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"SUB","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":266789,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":312063,"subnation":{"id":69,"nameEn":"Quebec","nameEs":"Quebec","nameFr":"Québec","subnationCode":"QC","dnationId":38},"roundedSRank":"S4B","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S4B","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":312063,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}}],"nrankReviewYear":2024,"nrank":"N4B,N4N","speciesNational":{"elementNationalId":163790,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementNationalId":163733,"classifConfidence":null,"nation":{"id":225,"nameEn":"United States","nameEs":"Estados Unidos","nameFr":"États-Unis","isoCode":"US","region":"United States"},"roundedNRank":"N5","elementSubnationals":[{"elementSubnationalId":349991,"subnation":{"id":28,"nameEn":"Michigan","nameEs":"Michigan","nameFr":"Michigan","subnationCode":"MI","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S3","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S3","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":349991,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":322322,"subnation":{"id":19,"nameEn":"Illinois","nameEs":"Illinois","nameFr":"Illinois","subnationCode":"IL","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":322322,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":382927,"subnation":{"id":39,"nameEn":"New Mexico","nameEs":"Nuevo México","nameFr":"Nouveau-Mexique","subnationCode":"NM","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5B,S5N","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5B,S5N","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":382927,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":264234,"subnation":{"id":43,"nameEn":"Oklahoma","nameEs":"Oklahoma","nameFr":"Oklahoma","subnationCode":"OK","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"SNR","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"SNR","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":264234,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":328907,"subnation":{"id":59,"nameEn":"Wyoming","nameEs":"Wyoming","nameFr":"Wyoming","subnationCode":"WY","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S3B","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S3S4B","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":328907,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":291008,"subnation":{"id":7,"nameEn":"California","nameEs":"California","nameFr":"Californie","subnationCode":"CA","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"SNR","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"SNR","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":291008,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":266581,"subnation":{"id":45,"nameEn":"Pennsylvania","nameEs":"Pennsylvania","nameFr":"Pennsylvanie","subnationCode":"PA","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5B","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5B","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":266581,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":408851,"subnation":{"id":34,"nameEn":"North Carolina","nameEs":"Carolina del Norte","nameFr":"Caroline du Nord","subnationCode":"NC","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":408851,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":285018,"subnation":{"id":48,"nameEn":"South Carolina","nameEs":"Carolina del Sur","nameFr":"Caroline du Sud","subnationCode":"SC","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":285018,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":363633,"subnation":{"id":38,"nameEn":"New Jersey","nameEs":"Nueva Jersey","nameFr":"New Jersey","subnationCode":"NJ","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5B,S5N","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5B,S5N","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":363633,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":292206,"subnation":{"id":49,"nameEn":"South Dakota","nameEs":"Dakota del Sur","nameFr":"Dakota du Sud","subnationCode":"SD","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S1B","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S1B","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":292206,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":376231,"subnation":{"id":40,"nameEn":"Nevada","nameEs":"Nevada","nameFr":"Nevada","subnationCode":"NV","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":376231,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":359609,"subnation":{"id":11,"nameEn":"Delaware","nameEs":"Delaware","nameFr":"Delaware","subnationCode":"DE","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":359609,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":405672,"subnation":{"id":12,"nameEn":"Florida","nameEs":"Florida","nameFr":"Floride","subnationCode":"FL","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S4","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S4S5","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":405672,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":289637,"subnation":{"id":44,"nameEn":"Oregon","nameEs":"Oregón","nameFr":"Oregon","subnationCode":"OR","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S4","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S4","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":289637,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":312288,"subnation":{"id":58,"nameEn":"West Virginia","nameEs":"Virginia Occidental","nameFr":"Virginie-Occidentale","subnationCode":"WV","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5B,S5N","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5B,S5N","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":312288,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":297137,"subnation":{"id":33,"nameEn":"Montana","nameEs":"Montana","nameFr":"Montana","subnationCode":"MT","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"SUB","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"SUB","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":297137,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":366465,"subnation":{"id":41,"nameEn":"New York","nameEs":"Nueva York","nameFr":"New York","subnationCode":"NY","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5B","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5B","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":366465,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":318855,"subnation":{"id":36,"nameEn":"Nebraska","nameEs":"Nebraska","nameFr":"Nebraska","subnationCode":"NE","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S4","dataSensitive":{"id":3,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"Conditional","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"C"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S4","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":318855,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":407874,"subnation":{"id":55,"nameEn":"Vermont","nameEs":"Vermont","nameFr":"Vermont","subnationCode":"VT","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S4B,SNAN","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S4B,SNAN","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":407874,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":336081,"subnation":{"id":22,"nameEn":"Kentucky","nameEs":"Kentucky","nameFr":"Kentucky","subnationCode":"KY","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":336081,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":407134,"subnation":{"id":26,"nameEn":"Maine","nameEs":"Maine","nameFr":"Maine","subnationCode":"ME","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5B,S5N","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5B,S5N","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":407134,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":367029,"subnation":{"id":4,"nameEn":"Arkansas","nameEs":"Arkansas","nameFr":"Arkansas","subnationCode":"AR","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":367029,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":377728,"subnation":{"id":30,"nameEn":"Missouri","nameEs":"Missouri","nameFr":"Missouri","subnationCode":"MO","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"SNR","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"SNR","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":377728,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":363618,"subnation":{"id":32,"nameEn":"Mississippi","nameEs":"Mississippi","nameFr":"Mississippi","subnationCode":"MS","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5B,S5N","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5B,S5N","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":363618,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":353666,"subnation":{"id":21,"nameEn":"Kansas","nameEs":"Kansas","nameFr":"Kansas","subnationCode":"KS","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":353666,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":324020,"subnation":{"id":52,"nameEn":"Utah","nameEs":"Utah","nameFr":"Utah","subnationCode":"UT","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S4B,S3N","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S4S5B,S3N","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":324020,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":318859,"subnation":{"id":29,"nameEn":"Minnesota","nameEs":"Minnesota","nameFr":"Minnesota","subnationCode":"MN","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"SNA","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"SNA","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":318859,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":339368,"subnation":{"id":57,"nameEn":"Wisconsin","nameEs":"Wisconsin","nameFr":"Wisconsin","subnationCode":"WI","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S3","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S3","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":339368,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":303156,"subnation":{"id":6,"nameEn":"Arizona","nameEs":"Arizona","nameFr":"Arizona","subnationCode":"AZ","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":303156,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":353682,"subnation":{"id":14,"nameEn":"Georgia","nameEs":"Georgia","nameFr":"Géorgie","subnationCode":"GA","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":353682,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":266944,"subnation":{"id":25,"nameEn":"Maryland","nameEs":"Maryland","nameFr":"Maryland","subnationCode":"MD","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":266944,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":281476,"subnation":{"id":42,"nameEn":"Ohio","nameEs":"Ohio","nameFr":"Ohio","subnationCode":"OH","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":281476,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":283781,"subnation":{"id":35,"nameEn":"North Dakota","nameEs":"Dakota del Norte","nameFr":"Dakota du Nord","subnationCode":"ND","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"SU","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"SU","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":283781,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":386423,"subnation":{"id":18,"nameEn":"Idaho","nameEs":"Idaho","nameFr":"Idaho","subnationCode":"ID","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S3B","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S3B","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":386423,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":353669,"subnation":{"id":24,"nameEn":"Massachusetts","nameEs":"Massachusetts","nameFr":"Massachusetts","subnationCode":"MA","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":353669,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":331991,"subnation":{"id":10,"nameEn":"District of Columbia","nameEs":"Distrito de Columbia","nameFr":"District de Columbia","subnationCode":"DC","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":331991,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":320870,"subnation":{"id":88,"nameEn":"Navajo Nation","nameEs":"La Nación Navajo","nameFr":"Nation Navajo","subnationCode":"NN","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5B,S2N","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5B,S2N","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":320870,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":335785,"subnation":{"id":50,"nameEn":"Tennessee","nameEs":"Tennessee","nameFr":"Tennessee","subnationCode":"TN","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":335785,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":331448,"subnation":{"id":9,"nameEn":"Connecticut","nameEs":"Connecticut","nameFr":"Connecticut","subnationCode":"CT","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S4","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S4","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":331448,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":346271,"subnation":{"id":37,"nameEn":"New Hampshire","nameEs":"New Hampshire","nameFr":"New Hampshire","subnationCode":"NH","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":346271,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":286579,"subnation":{"id":53,"nameEn":"Virginia","nameEs":"Virginia","nameFr":"Virginie","subnationCode":"VA","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":286579,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":373142,"subnation":{"id":47,"nameEn":"Rhode Island","nameEs":"Rhode Island","nameFr":"Rhode Island","subnationCode":"RI","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5B","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5B","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":373142,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":314596,"subnation":{"id":17,"nameEn":"Iowa","nameEs":"Iowa","nameFr":"Iowa","subnationCode":"IA","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S3B","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S3B","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":314596,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":358902,"subnation":{"id":51,"nameEn":"Texas","nameEs":"Texas","nameFr":"Texas","subnationCode":"TX","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5B","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5B","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":358902,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":357359,"subnation":{"id":20,"nameEn":"Indiana","nameEs":"Indiana","nameFr":"Indiana","subnationCode":"IN","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S4B","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S4B","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":357359,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":395750,"subnation":{"id":2,"nameEn":"Alabama","nameEs":"Alabama","nameFr":"Alabama","subnationCode":"AL","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":395750,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":315936,"subnation":{"id":23,"nameEn":"Louisiana","nameEs":"Louisiana","nameFr":"Louisiane","subnationCode":"LA","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":315936,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}},{"elementSubnationalId":340662,"subnation":{"id":8,"nameEn":"Colorado","nameEs":"Colorado","nameFr":"Colorado","subnationCode":"CO","dnationId":225},"roundedSRank":"S5","dataSensitive":{"id":2,"dataSensitiveDescEn":"No","dataSensitiveDescEs":null,"dataSensitiveDescFr":null,"dataSensitiveCode":"N"},"dataSensitiveCategory":null,"srank":"S5","speciesSubnational":{"elementSubnationalId":340662,"hybrid":false,"exotic":false,"native":true}}],"nrankReviewYear":1997,"nrank":"N5","speciesNational":{"elementNationalId":163733,"exotic":false,"native":true}}],"lastModified":"2026-10-02T21:34:57.902947Z","lastPublished":"2026-10-02T21:32:08.892226Z","promotionalDescription":null,"conceptLineageSummary":null,"nsxUrl":"/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.100932/Mimus_polyglottos","grankAdjustmentReasons":null,"grankChangeDate":"1996-12-03","grankReviewDate":"2016-04-09","grankReasons":null,"grank":"G5","rankInfo":{"elementGlobalId":100932,"aooPercentGood":null,"enviromentalSpecificity":null,"intrinsicVulnerability":null,"longTermTrend":null,"numberEos":null,"numberGoodEos":null,"numberProtEos":null,"popSize":null,"rangeExtent":null,"shortTermTrend":null,"threatImpactAssigned":null,"rangeExtentComments":"Resident regularly from northern California and eastern Oregon to South Dakota, northern Ohio, and southern New England (sporatically or locally north to southern Canada), south to southern Baja California, southern Mexico, Gulf Coast, southern Florida, and western West Indies (including Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands). First known successful nesting in British Columbia occurred in 1993 (MacKenzie et al. 1995, Canadian Field-Naturalist 109:260). Introduced and established in Hawaii, Bermuda.","areaOfOccupancy":null,"areaOfOccupancyComments":null,"numberEosComments":null,"popSizeComments":null,"viabilityComments":null,"threatImpactComments":null,"shortTermTrendComments":"Breeding Bird Survey data indicate a significant population decrease in North America between 1966 and 1989 (Droege and Sauer 1990).","longTermTrendComments":null,"inventoryNeeds":null,"numberProtEosComments":null,"protectionNeeds":null,"otherConsiderations":null,"intrinsicVulnerabilityComments":null,"enviromentalSpecificityComments":null},"animalCharacteristics":{"elementGlobalId":100932,"majorHabitat":{"id":3,"majorHabitatDescEn":"Terrestrial","majorHabitatDescEs":"Terrestre","majorHabitatDescFr":"Terrestre"},"nonMigrant":true,"localMigrant":false,"longDistanceMigrant":false,"mobilityMigrationComments":"Populations at northern edge of breeding range partially migratory southward for winter.","foodHabitsComments":"Diet of adults and nestlings mainly insects and other invertebrates and small fruits (Terres 1980).","animalPhenologyComments":"May sing day and night in breeding season.","colonialBreeder":false,"length":25,"width":null,"weight":49,"animalPhenologies":[{"animalCagPhenologyId":101136,"animalPhenology":{"id":2,"animalPhenologyDescEn":"Circadian","animalPhenologyDescEs":"Circadiano","animalPhenologyDescFr":"Circadien","displayOrder":2},"adult":true,"immature":true},{"animalCagPhenologyId":101137,"animalPhenology":{"id":3,"animalPhenologyDescEn":"Diurnal","animalPhenologyDescEs":"Diurno","animalPhenologyDescFr":"Diurne","displayOrder":3},"adult":true,"immature":true},{"animalCagPhenologyId":101138,"animalPhenology":{"id":5,"animalPhenologyDescEn":"Crepuscular","animalPhenologyDescEs":"Crepuscular","animalPhenologyDescFr":"Crépusculaire","displayOrder":5},"adult":true,"immature":true}],"animalFoodHabits":[{"animalCagFoodHabitsId":102198,"foodHabits":{"id":3,"foodHabitsDescEn":"Invertivore","foodHabitsDescEs":"Invertívoro","foodHabitsDescFr":"Invertivore","displayOrder":3},"adult":true,"immature":true},{"animalCagFoodHabitsId":102199,"foodHabits":{"id":6,"foodHabitsDescEn":"Frugivore","foodHabitsDescEs":"Frugívoro","foodHabitsDescFr":"Frugivore","displayOrder":6},"adult":true,"immature":true}]},"occurrenceDelineations":[{"eoSpecsDetailId":124587,"locationUseClass":{"id":2,"locationUseClassDescEn":"Breeding","locationUseClassDescEs":"En reproducción","locationUseClassDescFr":"Reproduction","displayOrder":2},"eoSpecGroupName":"Passerines","subtypes":"Foraging Area, Nest Site, Nesting Colony","inferredExtentDistance":null,"inferredExtentNotes":null,"minimumEoCriteria":"Evidence of historical breeding, or current and likely recurring breeding, at a given location, minimally a reliable observation of one or more breeding pairs in appropriate habitat. Be cautious about creating EOs for observations that may represent single breeding events outside the normal breeding distribution.","mappingGuidance":"Breeding occurrences include nesting areas as well as foraging areas.<br/><br/>For swallows and other species that have separate nesting and foraging areas, separations are based on nest sites or nesting areas, not to locations of foraging individuals. For example, nesting areas separated by a gap larger than the separation distance are different occurrences, regardless of the foraging locations of individuals from those nesting areas. This separation procedure is appropriate because nesting areas are the critical aspect of swallow breeding occurrences, tend to be relatively stable or at least somewhat predictable in general location, and so are the basis for effective conservation; foraging areas are much more flexible and not necessarily static.","separationBarriers":null,"separationDistanceUnsuitableHabitatat":5.0,"separationDistanceSuitableHabitatat":5.0,"altSeparationProcedure":null,"separationJustification":"Significant dispersal and associated high potential for gene flow among populations of birds separated by tens of kilometers (e.g., Moore and Dolbeer 1989), and increasing evidence that individuals leave their usual home range to engage in extrapair copulations, as well as long foraging excursions of some species, make it difficult to circumscribe occurrences on the basis of meaningful population units without occurrences becoming too large. Hence, a moderate, standardized separation distance has been adopted for songbirds and flycatchers; it should yield occurrences that are not too spatially expansive while also accounting for the likelihood of gene flow among populations within a few kilometers of each other.<br/><br/>Be careful not to separate a population's nesting areas and foraging areas as different occurrences; include them in the same occurrence even if they are more than 5 km apart. Mean foraging radius (from nesting area) of Brown-headed Cowbird females was 4.0 kilometers in California, 1.2 kilometers in Illinois-Missouri (Thompson 1994). Yellow-headed Blackbirds, Brewer's Blackbirds, and probably Red-winged Blackbirds all forage up to 1.6 kilometers away from breeding colony (Willson 1966, Horn 1968). In one study, Brewer's Blackbirds were found as far as 10 kilometers from nesting area (Williams 1952), but this may be unusual.<br/><br/>For swallows and other passerines with similar behavioral ecology, separation distance pertains to nest sites or nesting colonies, not to locations of foraging individuals. For example, nesting areas separated by a gap of more than 5 km are different occurrences, regardless of the foraging locations of individuals from those nesting areas. This separation procedure is appropriate because nesting areas are the critical aspect of swallow breeding occurrences, tend to be relatively stable or at least somewhat predictable in general location, and so are the basis for effective conservation; foraging areas are much more flexible and not necessarily static.<br/><br/>Be cautious about creating EOs for observations that may represent single breeding events outside the normal breeding distribution.<br/><br/>Unsuitable habitat: Habitat not normally used for breeding/feeding by a particular species. For example, unsuitable habitat for grassland and shrubland birds includes forest/woodland, urban/suburban, and aquatic habitats. Most habitats would be suitable for birds with versatile foraging habits (e.g., most corvids).","versionDate":"2004-09-10","versionAuthor":"Hammerson, G.","versionNotes":null,"lastModified":"2025-12-05T22:48:36.225047Z"},{"eoSpecsDetailId":124588,"locationUseClass":{"id":3,"locationUseClassDescEn":"Nonbreeding","locationUseClassDescEs":"No reproducción","locationUseClassDescFr":"Non-reproduction","displayOrder":3},"eoSpecGroupName":"Passerines","subtypes":"Foraging Area, Roost Site","inferredExtentDistance":null,"inferredExtentNotes":null,"minimumEoCriteria":"Any area used traditionally in the nonbreeding season (used for populations that are not resident in a location year-round). Minimally, reliable observations of 10 or more individuals in appropriate habitat for 20 or more days at a time. For G1-G3 species, observations of fewer individuals could constitute an occurrence of conservation value. Sites used during migration should be documented under the 'migratory stopover' location use class.","mappingGuidance":null,"separationBarriers":null,"separationDistanceUnsuitableHabitatat":5.0,"separationDistanceSuitableHabitatat":5.0,"altSeparationProcedure":null,"separationJustification":"Separation distance is necessarily arbitrary but attempts to balance the high mobility of birds with the need for occurrences of reasonable spatial scope. Note that a population's roost sites and foraging areas are parts of the same occurrence, even if they are more than 5 km apart.<br/><br/>For swallows and other species with similar behavioral ecology, the separation distance pertains to communal roost sites rather than to foraging areas; the former tend to be more stable and specific over time than the latter.","versionDate":"2004-09-03","versionAuthor":"Hammerson, G.","versionNotes":null,"lastModified":"2025-12-05T22:48:36.225047Z"},{"eoSpecsDetailId":124589,"locationUseClass":{"id":4,"locationUseClassDescEn":"Migratory stopover","locationUseClassDescEs":"Parada migratoria","locationUseClassDescFr":"Halte migratoire","displayOrder":5},"eoSpecGroupName":"Passerines","subtypes":"Foraging Area, Roost Site","inferredExtentDistance":null,"inferredExtentNotes":null,"minimumEoCriteria":"For most passerines: Evidence of recurring presence of migrating individuals (including historical) and potential recurring presence at a given location; minimally a reliable observation of 25 birds in appropriate habitat.<br/><br/>For swallows: Evidence of recurring presence of migrating flocks (including historical) and potential recurring presence at a given location; minimally a reliable observation of 100 birds in appropriate habitat (e.g., traditional roost sites).<br/><br/>Occurrences should be locations where the species is resident for some time during the appropriate season; it is preferable to have observations documenting presence over at least 7 days annually.<br/><br/>EOs should not be described for species that are nomadic during nonbreeding season: e.g., Lark Bunting.<br/><br/>Be cautious about creating EOs for observations that may represent single events.","mappingGuidance":null,"separationBarriers":null,"separationDistanceUnsuitableHabitatat":5.0,"separationDistanceSuitableHabitatat":5.0,"altSeparationProcedure":null,"separationJustification":"Separation distance somewhat arbitrary but intended to define occurrences of manageable size for conservation purposes. Occurrences defined primarily on the basis of areas supporting concentrations of birds, rather than on the basis of distinct populations.<br/><br/>For swallows and other species with similar behavioral ecology, the separation distance pertains to communal roost sites rather than to foraging areas; the former tend to be more stable and specific over time than the latter.","versionDate":"2004-09-03","versionAuthor":"Hammerson, G., and S. Cannings","versionNotes":null,"lastModified":"2025-12-05T22:48:36.225047Z"},{"eoSpecsDetailId":124586,"locationUseClass":{"id":13,"locationUseClassDescEn":"Nonmigratory","locationUseClassDescEs":"No migratorio","locationUseClassDescFr":"Non migratrice","displayOrder":20},"eoSpecGroupName":"Passerines","subtypes":null,"inferredExtentDistance":null,"inferredExtentNotes":null,"minimumEoCriteria":"Occurrences are based on evidence of historical presence, or current and likely recurring presence, at a particular location. Such evidence minimally includes collection or reliable observation and documentation of one or more individuals in or near appropriate habitat.<br/><br/>These occurrence specifications are used for nonmigratory populations of passerine birds.","mappingGuidance":null,"separationBarriers":"None.","separationDistanceUnsuitableHabitatat":5.0,"separationDistanceSuitableHabitatat":5.0,"altSeparationProcedure":null,"separationJustification":"Significant dispersal and associated high potential for gene flow among populations of birds separated by tens of kilometers (e.g., Moore and Dolbeer 1989), and increasing evidence that individuals leave their usual home range to engage in extrapair copulations, as well as long foraging excursions of some species, make it difficult to circumscribe occurrences on the basis of meaningful population units without occurrences becoming too large. Hence, a moderate, standardized separation distance has been adopted for songbirds and flycatchers; it should yield occurrences that are not too spatially expansive while also accounting for the likelihood of gene flow among populations within a few kilometers of each other.<br/><br/>Be careful not to separate a population's nesting areas and breeding-season foraging areas as different occurrences; include them in the same occurrence even if they are more than 5 km apart. Blue jays have small summer home ranges but fly up to 4 kilometers to harvest mast (Tarvin and Woolfenden 1999). Flocks of pinyon jays range over 21-29 square kilometers (Ligon 1971, Balda and Bateman 1971); nesting and foraging areas may be widely separated. Tricolored blackbirds forage in flocks that range widely to more than 15 kilometers from the nesting colony (Beedy and Hamilton 1999).<br/><br/>Unsuitable habitat: Habitat not normally used for breeding/feeding by a particular species. For example, unsuitable habitat for grassland and shrubland birds includes forest/woodland, urban/suburban, and aquatic habitats. Most habitats would be suitable for birds with versatile foraging habits (e.g., most corvids).","versionDate":"2004-09-10","versionAuthor":"Hammerson, G.","versionNotes":"These specs pertain to nonmigratory species.","lastModified":"2025-12-05T22:48:36.225047Z"}],"plantCharacteristics":null,"elementManagement":{"elementGlobalId":100932,"eoManagementGroupName":null,"stewardshipOverview":null,"impacts":null,"restorationPotential":null,"siteConservationPlansConsidered":null,"managementMethods":null,"monitoringMethods":null,"managementProgramContacts":null,"monitoringProgramContacts":null,"managementResearchPrograms":null,"managementResearchNeeds":null,"biologicalResearchNeeds":null,"additionalTopics":null},"occurrenceViabilities":[{"eoRankSpecsDetailId":102492,"eoRankSpecsGroupName":null,"locationUseClass":{"id":1,"locationUseClassDescEn":"Not applicable","locationUseClassDescEs":"No se aplica","locationUseClassDescFr":"Sans objet","displayOrder":1},"excellentViability":null,"goodViability":null,"fairViability":null,"poorViability":null,"viabilityJustification":"Use the Generic Guidelines for the Application of Occurrence Ranks (2008).<br>The Key for Ranking Species Occurrences Using the Generic Approach provides a step-wise process for implementing this method.","versionDate":null,"versionAuthor":null,"versionNotes":null,"lastModified":"2020-05-14T02:17:40.04873Z"}],"references":[{"id":153779,"citation":"American Ornithologists' Union (AOU). 1983. Check-list of North American Birds, 6th edition. Allen Press, Inc., Lawrence, Kansas. 877 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"American Ornithologists' Union (AOU)","shortCitationYear":1983,"referenceCode":"B83AOU01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T14:38:12.689104Z"},{"id":134424,"citation":"American Ornithologists' Union (AOU). 1998. Check-list of North American birds. Seventh edition. American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C. [as modified by subsequent supplements and corrections published in <i>The Auk</i>]. Also available online: http://www.aou.org/.","shortCitationAuthor":"American Ornithologists' Union (AOU)","shortCitationYear":1998,"referenceCode":"B98AOU01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T14:38:12.673494Z"},{"id":115080,"citation":"Balda, R. P., and G. C. Bateman. 1971. Flocking and annual cycle of the piñon jay, <i>Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus</i>. Condor 73:287-302.","shortCitationAuthor":"Balda and Bateman","shortCitationYear":1971,"referenceCode":"A71BAL01NACA","lastModified":"2020-02-25T14:38:12.657866Z"},{"id":152046,"citation":"Bent, A.C. 1948. Life histories of North American nuthatches, wrens, thrashers, and their allies. U.S. National Museum Bulletin 195. Washington, DC.","shortCitationAuthor":"Bent","shortCitationYear":1948,"referenceCode":"B48BEN01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:13:19.836167Z"},{"id":463505,"citation":"BirdLife International. 2004b. Threatened birds of the world 2004. CD ROM. BirdLife International, Cambridge, UK.","shortCitationAuthor":"BirdLife International","shortCitationYear":2004,"referenceCode":"N04BIR0100LA","lastModified":"2020-02-25T14:38:12.704742Z"},{"id":108136,"citation":"Doughty, R. W. 1988. The mockingbird. Univ. Texas Press, Austin. 80 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Doughty","shortCitationYear":1988,"referenceCode":"B88DOU01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:14:08.52459Z"},{"id":110479,"citation":"Droege, S., and J.R. Sauer. 1990. North American Breeding Bird Survey, annual summary, 1989. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Biological Report 90(8). 22 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Droege and Sauer","shortCitationYear":1990,"referenceCode":"B90DRO01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:12:38.819927Z"},{"id":100210,"citation":"Harrison, C. 1978. A Field Guide to the Nests, Eggs and Nestlings of North American Birds. Collins, Cleveland, Ohio.","shortCitationAuthor":"Harrison","shortCitationYear":1978,"referenceCode":"B78HAR01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T14:38:12.657866Z"},{"id":107035,"citation":"Harrison, H. H. 1979. A field guide to western birds' nests. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 279 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Harrison","shortCitationYear":1979,"referenceCode":"B79HAR01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:11:56.303852Z"},{"id":105464,"citation":"Horn, H. S. 1968. The adaptive significance of colonial nesting in the Brewer's Blackbird. Ecology 49:682-694.","shortCitationAuthor":"Horn","shortCitationYear":1968,"referenceCode":"A68HOR01NACA","lastModified":"2020-02-25T14:38:12.689104Z"},{"id":155592,"citation":"Howell, S. N. G., and S. Webb. 1995.  A guide to the birds of Mexico and northern Central America. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.","shortCitationAuthor":"Howell and Webb","shortCitationYear":1995,"referenceCode":"B95HOW01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T14:38:14.376662Z"},{"id":144453,"citation":"Ligon, J. D. 1971. Late summer-autumnal breeding of the piñon jay in New Mexico. Condor 73:147-153.","shortCitationAuthor":"Ligon","shortCitationYear":1971,"referenceCode":"A71LIG01NACA","lastModified":"2020-02-25T14:38:12.704742Z"},{"id":115752,"citation":"Moore, W. S., and R. A. Dolbeer. 1989. The use of banding recovery data to estimate dispersal rates and gene flow in avian species: case studies in the Red-winged Blackbird and Common Grackle. Condor 91:242-253.","shortCitationAuthor":"Moore and Dolbeer","shortCitationYear":1989,"referenceCode":"A89MOO01NACA","lastModified":"2020-02-25T14:38:12.657866Z"},{"id":158423,"citation":"Parker III, T. A., D. F. Stotz, and J. W. Fitzpatrick. 1996.  Ecological and distributional databases for neotropical birds. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago.","shortCitationAuthor":"Parker et al.","shortCitationYear":1996,"referenceCode":"B96PAR0100LA","lastModified":"2020-02-25T14:38:12.689104Z"},{"id":135747,"citation":"Phillips, A. R. 1986. The known birds of North and Middle America: distribution and variations, migrations, changes, hybrids, etc. Part I, Hirundinidae to Mimidae, Certhiidae. Published by the author, Denver, Colorado. lxi + 259 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Phillips","shortCitationYear":1986,"referenceCode":"B86PHI01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:13:07.773544Z"},{"id":235126,"citation":"Pitmann, R. L. and L. T. Ballance. 2002.  The changing status of marine birds breeding at San Benedicto Island, Mexico.  Wilson Bulletin 114:11-19.","shortCitationAuthor":"Pitmann and Ballance","shortCitationYear":2002,"referenceCode":"A02PIT01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:12:57.992146Z"},{"id":158711,"citation":"Poole, A. F. and F. B. Gill. 1992. The birds of North America. The American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C. and The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA.","shortCitationAuthor":"Poole and Gill","shortCitationYear":1992,"referenceCode":"B92POO0100LA","lastModified":"2020-02-25T14:38:12.673494Z"},{"id":123535,"citation":"Raffaele, H. A. 1983a. A guide to the birds of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Fondo Educativo Interamericano, San Juan, Puerto Rico. 255 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Raffaele","shortCitationYear":1983,"referenceCode":"B83RAF01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T14:38:18.861079Z"},{"id":110533,"citation":"Raffaele, H., J. Wiley, O. Garrido, A. Keith, and J. Raffaele. 1998. A guide to the birds of the West Indies. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ. 511 pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Raffaele et al.","shortCitationYear":1998,"referenceCode":"B98RAF01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T14:38:14.376662Z"},{"id":110863,"citation":"Sibley, C.G., and J.E. Ahlquist. 1984. The relationships of the starlings (Sturnidae: Sturnini) and the mockingbirds (Sturnidae: Mimini). Auk 101:230-243.","shortCitationAuthor":"Sibley and Ahlquist","shortCitationYear":1984,"referenceCode":"A84SIB01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T18:14:00.805553Z"},{"id":146621,"citation":"Tarvin, K. A., and G. E. Woolfenden. 1999. Blue Jay (<i>Cyanocitta cristata</i>). No. 469 IN A. Poole and F. Gill, editors. The birds of North America. The Birds of North America, Inc., Philadelphia, PA. 32pp.","shortCitationAuthor":"Tarvin and Woolfenden","shortCitationYear":1999,"referenceCode":"A99TAR01NACA","lastModified":"2020-02-25T14:38:12.657866Z"},{"id":148565,"citation":"Terres, J. K. 1980. The Audubon Society encyclopedia of North American birds. Alfred A. Knopf, New York.","shortCitationAuthor":"Terres","shortCitationYear":1980,"referenceCode":"B80TER01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T14:38:12.657866Z"},{"id":106130,"citation":"Thompson, F. R., III. 1994. Temporal and spatial patterns of breeding brown-headed cowbirds in the midwestern United States. Auk 111:979-990.","shortCitationAuthor":"Thompson","shortCitationYear":1994,"referenceCode":"A94THO02NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T14:38:12.673494Z"},{"id":125063,"citation":"Williams, L. 1952b. Breeding behavior of the Brewer blackbird. Condor 54:3-47.","shortCitationAuthor":"Williams","shortCitationYear":1952,"referenceCode":"A52WIL01NACA","lastModified":"2020-02-25T14:38:12.657866Z"},{"id":140794,"citation":"Willson, M. F. 1966. Breeding ecology of the Yellow-headed Blackbird. Ecological Monographs 36:51-77.","shortCitationAuthor":"Willson","shortCitationYear":1966,"referenceCode":"A66WIL01NACA","lastModified":"2020-02-25T14:38:12.673494Z"}],"otherCommonNames":[{"id":105245,"name":"Centzontle Norteño","language":"ES"},{"id":113006,"name":"Moqueur polyglotte","language":"FR"}],"speciesGlobal":{"elementGlobalId":100932,"cites":null,"cosewic":null,"fwsRegion":null,"genusSize":{"id":3,"genusSizeDescEn":"Small genus","genusSizeDescEs":"Género pequeño","genusSizeDescFr":"Petit genre"},"jurisEndem":{"id":5,"jurisEndemDescEn":"occurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations","jurisEndemDescEs":"Se encuentra en varias naciones (de manera regular, como un taxón nativo)","jurisEndemDescFr":"Se trouve dans plusieurs nations (de façon régulière, tel un taxon indigène)"},"nomenclaturallyEst":null,"usesa":null,"informalTaxonomy":{"informalTaxonomyId":4,"level1":"Animals","level2":"Vertebrates","level3":"Birds","level":3,"hasChildren":false,"parentId":2,"distributionStatus":"complete","displayOrder":1070},"parentSpecies":null,"infraspecies":false,"kingdom":"Animalia","phylum":"Craniata","taxclass":"Aves","taxorder":"Passeriformes","family":"Mimidae","genus":"Mimus","americanFisheriesStatus":null,"americanFisheriesStatusDate":null,"saraStatus":null,"saraStatusDate":null,"cosewicDate":null,"interpretedCosewic":null,"cosewicComments":null,"usesaDate":null,"interpretedUsesa":null,"usesaComments":null,"completeDistribution":true,"synonyms":[],"infraspeciesList":[{"infraspeciesId":104208,"uniqueId":"ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.104208","formattedScientificName":"<i>Mimus polyglottos leucopterus</i>","scientificName":"Mimus polyglottos leucopterus","primaryCommonName":"Western Northern Mockingbird","nsxUrl":"/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.104208/Mimus_polyglottos_leucopterus"}],"ebarId":null,"ebarCanadianScope":false,"ebarGlobalScope":false,"ebarKbaGroup":"Birds","caGeneralStatusId":"GS001233"},"speciesCharacteristics":{"elementGlobalId":100932,"reproductionComments":"Clutch size 3-6 (usually 4-5). Two to 3 broods per year. Incubation 11-17 days, by female. Young tended by both parents, leave nest at 10-24 days (usually < 2 weeks). May retain same mate through successive nesting attempts in single season and through successive years. Sometimes polygynous.","ecologyComments":null,"habitatComments":"Various open and partly open situations from areas of scattered brush or trees to forest edge and semi-desert (absent in forest interior), especially in scrub, thickets, gardens, towns, and around cultivated areas (AOU 1983). Nests in dense shrubbery, tree branches, vines, cholla, prickly pear, sagebrush, usually 1-3 m above ground, often near houses (Harrison 1979).","generalDescription":null,"diagnosticCharacteristics":null,"speciesMarineHabitats":[],"speciesTerrestrialHabitats":[{"cagTerrHabId":-105750,"terrestrialHabitat":{"id":7,"terrestrialHabitatDescEn":"Shrubland/chaparral","terrestrialHabitatDescEs":"Matorral/Chaparral","terrestrialHabitatDescFr":"Fruticée/Chaparral","displayOrder":9}},{"cagTerrHabId":-105751,"terrestrialHabitat":{"id":8,"terrestrialHabitatDescEn":"Savanna","terrestrialHabitatDescEs":"Sabana","terrestrialHabitatDescFr":"Savane","displayOrder":10}},{"cagTerrHabId":-105752,"terrestrialHabitat":{"id":10,"terrestrialHabitatDescEn":"Old field","terrestrialHabitatDescEs":"Terreno baldío","terrestrialHabitatDescFr":"Friche","displayOrder":12}},{"cagTerrHabId":-105753,"terrestrialHabitat":{"id":19,"terrestrialHabitatDescEn":"Cropland/hedgerow","terrestrialHabitatDescEs":"Tierras cultivadas/cerco vivo","terrestrialHabitatDescFr":"Terre cultivée/haie","displayOrder":22}},{"cagTerrHabId":-105754,"terrestrialHabitat":{"id":20,"terrestrialHabitatDescEn":"Suburban/orchard","terrestrialHabitatDescEs":"Suburbano/ huertos","terrestrialHabitatDescFr":"Banlieusard/verger","displayOrder":23}}],"speciesRiverineHabitats":[],"speciesPalustrineHabitats":[{"cagPalusHabId":-101444,"palustrineHabitat":{"id":6,"palustrineHabitatDescEn":"Riparian","palustrineHabitatDescEs":"Ribereño","palustrineHabitatDescFr":"Riverain","displayOrder":6}}],"speciesLacustrineHabitats":[],"speciesSubterraneanHabitats":[],"speciesEstuarineHabitats":[]},"primaryReference":{"id":134424,"citation":"American Ornithologists' Union (AOU). 1998. Check-list of North American birds. Seventh edition. American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C. [as modified by subsequent supplements and corrections published in <i>The Auk</i>]. Also available online: http://www.aou.org/.","shortCitationAuthor":"American Ornithologists' Union (AOU)","shortCitationYear":1998,"referenceCode":"B98AOU01NAUS","lastModified":"2020-02-25T14:38:12.673494Z"},"predecessors":[],"elementGlobalThreatAssessments":[]}