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Ecological System Comprehensive Report:
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Classification
Scientific Name: Laurentian-Acadian Freshwater Marsh
Unique Identifier: CES201.594
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Summary: These freshwater emergent and/or submergent marshes are dominated by herbaceous vegetation. They are common throughout the northeastern United States and adjacent Canadian provinces. Freshwater marshes occur in closed or open basins that are generally flat and shallow. They are associated with lakes, ponds, slow-moving streams, and/or impoundments or ditches. The herbaceous vegetation does not persist through the winter. Scattered shrubs are often present and usually total less than 25% cover. Trees are generally absent and, if present, are scattered. The substrate is typically muck over mineral soil. Examples of vegetation in the Delaware Estuary freshwater marsh communities include Typha latifolia, Typha angustifolia, Phragmites australis, Schoenoplectus americanus, Thelypteris palustris, Impatiens capensis, Carex spp., Vallisneria americana, Potamogeton perfoliatus, Nuphar advena (= Nuphar lutea ssp. advena), and Nymphaea odorata.
Classification Approach: International Terrestrial Ecological Systems Classification (ITESC)
| Similar Ecological Systems |
| Unique Identifier |
Name |
| CES201.582 |
Laurentian-Acadian Wet Meadow-Shrub Swamp |
| CES202.899 |
North-Central Interior Freshwater Marsh |
| Component Associations |
| Association Unique ID |
Association Name |
| CEGL002026 |
Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani - Typha spp. - (Sparganium spp., Juncus spp.) Marsh |
| CEGL002221 |
Bolboschoenus fluviatilis - Schoenoplectus spp. Marsh |
| CEGL002225 |
Schoenoplectus acutus - (Bolboschoenus fluviatilis) Freshwater Marsh |
| CEGL002229 |
Typha spp. - Schoenoplectus acutus - Mixed Herbs Midwest Marsh |
| CEGL002282 |
Potamogeton spp. - Ceratophyllum spp. Midwest Aquatic Vegetation |
| CEGL002382 |
Zizania (aquatica, palustris) Marsh |
| CEGL002386 |
Nuphar advena - Nymphaea odorata Aquatic Vegetation |
| CEGL002562 |
Nymphaea odorata - Nuphar (microphylla, variegata) Aquatic Vegetation |
| CEGL002563 |
Nymphaea tetragona - Nuphar (microphylla, variegata) Aquatic Vegetation |
| CEGL005258 |
Equisetum fluviatile - (Eleocharis palustris) Marsh |
| CEGL006153 |
Typha (angustifolia, latifolia) - (Schoenoplectus spp.) Eastern Marsh |
| CEGL006191 |
Pontederia cordata - Peltandra virginica - Sagittaria latifolia Marsh |
| CEGL006196 |
Vallisneria americana - Potamogeton perfoliatus Aquatic Vegetation |
| CEGL006275 |
Schoenoplectus (tabernaemontani, acutus) Eastern Marsh |
| CEGL006345 |
Juncus militaris - Eriocaulon aquaticum Marsh |
| CEGL006346 |
Eriocaulon aquaticum - Lobelia dortmanna Marsh |
| CEGL006349 |
Scirpus cyperinus Wet Meadow |
| CEGL006358 |
Schoenoplectus acutus - Carex lasiocarpa Marsh |
| CEGL006366 |
Bolboschoenus fluviatilis Marsh |
| CEGL006431 |
Elodea canadensis - Potamogeton spp. Eastern Aquatic Vegetation |
| CEGL006446 |
Bidens cernua - Verbena hastata - Polygonum spp. Marsh |
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Classifiers |
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Land Cover Class: Herbaceous Wetland
Spatial Pattern: Large patch
Natural/Seminatural: No
Vegetated ( > 10% vascular cover):
Upland: No
Wetland: Yes
Isolated Wetland: No
| Diagnostic Classifiers |
| Primary Classifier |
Secondary Classifier |
| Depressional |
Lakeshore
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| Riverine / Alluvial |
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| Graminoid |
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| Shallow (<15 cm) Water |
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| >180-day hydroperiod |
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| Non-diagnostic Classifiers |
| Primary Classifier |
Secondary Classifier |
| Herbaceous |
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| Extensive Wet Flat |
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| Depressional |
Pond
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| Muck |
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| Aquatic Herb |
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| Circumneutral Water |
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| Acidic Water |
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| Moderate (100-500 yrs) Persistence |
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| At-Risk Species Reported for this Ecological System |
Scientific Name
(Common Name) |
NatureServe Global Status |
U.S. Endangered Species Act Status |
Catinella exile
(Pleistocene Catinella)
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G2 |
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Clonophis kirtlandii
(Kirtland's Snake)
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G2 |
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Grus americana
(Whooping Crane)
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G1 |
LE, XN: Listed endangered, nonessential experimental population
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Oxytropis campestris var. chartacea
(Fassett's Locoweed)
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G5T1T2 |
LT: Listed threatened
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Somatochlora hineana
(Hine's Emerald)
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G2G3 |
LE: Listed endangered
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Vegetation Composition (incomplete)
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| Species Name |
Rounded Global Status |
Growth
Form |
Stratum |
Char-
acter-
istic |
Domi-nant |
Con-stant |
Cover Class % |
Con-
stancy
%
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| Comarum palustre |
G5 |
Flowering forb |
Herb (field) |
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| Oxytropis campestris var. chartacea |
T1 |
Flowering forb |
Herb (field) |
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| Pontederia cordata |
G5 |
Flowering forb |
Herb (field) |
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| Sagittaria latifolia |
G5 |
Flowering forb |
Herb (field) |
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| Isoetes lacustris |
G5 |
Fern (Spore-bearing forb) |
Herb (field) |
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| Carex conoidea |
G5 |
Graminoid |
Herb (field) |
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| Juncus militaris |
G5 |
Graminoid |
Herb (field) |
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| Schoenoplectus acutus |
G5 |
Graminoid |
Herb (field) |
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| Schoenoplectus americanus |
G5 |
Graminoid |
Herb (field) |
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| Typha latifolia |
G5 |
Graminoid |
Herb (field) |
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| Animal Species Reported for this Ecological System |
Scientific Name
(Common Name) |
Global Status |
U.S. Endangered Species Act Status |
Charact-
eristic |
Exotic |
Catinella exile
(Pleistocene Catinella)
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G2 |
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Chlosyne harrisii
(Harris's Checkerspot)
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G5 |
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Chrysemys picta
(Northern Painted Turtle)
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G5 |
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Clonophis kirtlandii
(Kirtland's Snake)
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G2 |
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Grus americana
(Whooping Crane)
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G1 |
LE, XN: Listed endangered, nonessential experimental population
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Hemileuca lucina
(New England Buckmoth)
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G4? |
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Lithobates catesbeianus
(American Bullfrog)
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G5 |
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Lithobates clamitans
(Green Frog)
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G5 |
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Ondatra zibethicus
(Common Muskrat)
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G5 |
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Somatochlora hineana
(Hine's Emerald)
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G2G3 |
LE: Listed endangered
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Vison vison
(American Mink)
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G5 |
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Distribution |
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Nation: United States
United States Distribution: MA, ME, MI, MN, NH, NY, VT, WI
Nation: Canada
Canadian Province Distribution: NB, ON, QC
Global Range: This system occurs in New England and northern New York west across the upper Great Lakes to Minnesota, and adjacent Canada, mostly north of the glacial boundary.
| Biogeographic Divisions |
| Division Code and Name |
Primary |
Occurrence Status |
| 201-Laurentian-Acadian |
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C: Confident or certain
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| 202-Central Interior and Appalachian |
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C: Confident or certain
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| The
Nature Conservancy's Conservation Ecoregions |
| Code |
Name |
Occurrence Status |
| 47 |
Superior Mixed Forest |
Confident or certain
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| 48 |
Great Lakes |
Confident or certain
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| 49 |
Western Allegheny Plateau |
Confident or certain
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| 59 |
Central Appalachian Forest |
Confident or certain
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| 60 |
High Allegheny Plateau |
Confident or certain
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| 61 |
Lower New England / Northern Piedmont |
Confident or certain
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| 63 |
Northern Appalachian-Boreal Forest |
Confident or certain
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| 64 |
St. Lawrence-Champlain Valley |
Confident or certain
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| MRLC 2000 Mapzones |
| Code |
Name |
Occurrence Status |
| 41 |
Northern Lake Country |
Confident or certain
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| 49 |
Central Till Plains |
Possible
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| 50 |
Central Great Lakes Uplands |
Confident or certain
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| 51 |
Great Lakes Plains |
Confident or certain
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| 52 |
Eastern Till Plains |
Possible
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| 60 |
Chesapeake Bay |
Confident or certain
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| 61 |
Northern Appalachia |
Confident or certain
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| 62 |
Allegheny Plateau |
Predicted or probable
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| 63 |
Finger Lakes |
Confident or certain
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| 64 |
Northeastern Highlands |
Confident or certain
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| 65 |
Connecticut River Basin and Highlands |
Confident or certain
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| 66 |
The North Woods |
Confident or certain
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National Mapping |
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ESLF Code (Ecological System Lifeform): 9405
West Landfire Legend: No
East Landfire Legend: No
Authors/Contributors |
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Element Description Edition Date: 20Aug2015
Element Description Author(s): E. Largay
Ecological data developed by NatureServe and its network of natural heritage programs
(see Local Programs)
and other contributors and cooperators (see Sources).
References |
|
- Comer, P. J., and D. A. Albert. 1997. Natural community crosswalk. Unpublished draft of February 20, 1997. Michigan Natural Features Inventory, Lansing, MI.
- Comer, P., D. Faber-Langendoen, R. Evans, S. Gawler, C. Josse, G. Kittel, S. Menard, C. Nordman, M. Pyne, M. Reid, M. Russo, K. Schulz, K. Snow, J. Teague, and R. White. 2003-present. Ecological systems of the United States: A working classification of U.S. terrestrial systems. NatureServe, Arlington, VA.
- Edinger, G. J., D. J. Evans, S. Gebauer, T. G. Howard, D. M. Hunt, and A. M. Olivero, editors. 2014a. Ecological communities of New York state. Second edition. A revised and expanded edition of Carol Reschke's ecological communities of New York state. New York Natural Heritage Program, New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, Albany, NY.
- Gawler, S. C., and A. Cutko. 2010. Natural landscapes of Maine: A classification of vegetated natural communities and ecosystems. Maine Natural Areas Program, Department of Conservation, Augusta.
- Kost, M. A., D. A. Albert, J. G. Cohen, B. S. Slaughter, R. K. Schillo, C. R. Weber, and K. A. Chapman. 2007. Natural communities of Michigan: Classification and description. Report No. 2007-21, Michigan Natural Features Inventory, Lansing. 314 pp. [http://web4.msue.msu.edu/mnfi/reports/2007-21_Natural_Communites_of_Michigan_Classification_and_Description.pdf]
- Sperduto, D. D., and W. F. Nichols. 2004. Natural communities of New Hampshire: A guide and classification. New Hampshire Natural Heritage Bureau, DRED Division of Forests and Lands, Concord. 242 pp.
- WDNR [Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources]. 2015. The ecological landscapes of Wisconsin: An assessment of ecological resources and a guide to planning sustainable management. PUB-SS-1131 2015. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Madison. [http://dnr.wi.gov/topic/landscapes/Book.html]
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Data last updated: March 2019
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